Tsuguhiro Hattori (服部 受弘; February 23, 1920 – December 6, 1991) was a prominent Japanese Nippon Professional Baseball…Tsuguhiro Hattori (服部 受弘; February 23, 1920 – December 6, 1991) was a prominent Japanese Nippon Professional Baseball player who excelled as a pitcher and was the first Chunichi Dragons pitcher to reach 100 wins. He played with the Dragons franchise his entire career. His number 10 jersey is one of only two retired by the team.
Ishigaki Rin (石垣 りん; February 21, 1920 – December 26, 2004) was a Japanese poet, most famous for her poem "Nameplate."…Ishigaki Rin (石垣 りん; February 21, 1920 – December 26, 2004) was a Japanese poet, most famous for her poem "Nameplate." She was known as the "bank clerk poet" because all of her writing was done on the side of her job as a clerk at the Industrial Bank of Japan, and her work frequently appeared in her employer's newsletter. Like her friend and contemporary Ibaragi Noriko, she was openly critical of environmental devastation, war, and nuclear power. Some of her poems are used in Japanese language textbooks, and she is therefore one of the best-known contemporary poets in Japan.
Koichi Yaguchi (矢口 洪一, Yaguchi Kōichi; February 20, 1920 – July 25, 2006) was the 11th Chief Justice of Japan…Koichi Yaguchi (矢口 洪一, Yaguchi Kōichi; February 20, 1920 – July 25, 2006) was the 11th Chief Justice of Japan (1985–1990). He was graduate of Kyoto University. He was a recipient of the Order of the Rising Sun with Paulownia flowers.
Toshio Ōta (太田 敏夫, Ōta Toshio; 20 March 1919 – 21 October 1942) was a World War II Japanese fighter ace. In early 1942…Toshio Ōta (太田 敏夫, Ōta Toshio; 20 March 1919 – 21 October 1942) was a World War II Japanese fighter ace. In early 1942, at the age of 22, he flew a Mitsubishi A6M Zero with the Lae-based Tainan Air Group. There the young petty officer, 1st class became one of the so-called "Clean-up Trio" of Japanese aces, along with his squadron mates Saburo Sakai and Hiroyoshi Nishizawa. Ōta's first confirmed kill, of a U.S. Army Air Force P-40E Warhawk, was over New Guinea on April 11, 1942. Transferred to Rabaul in August, Ōta was killed in a dogfight with U.S. Marine Corps Grumman F4F Wildcats over Guadalcanal on October 21, shortly after shooting down a Wildcat himself. His victorious opponent is believed to be 1st Lt. Frank C. Drury of VMF-212. Ōta is credited with 34 victories, making him the Imperial Japanese Navy's fourth-ranking ace. In his autobiography, Sakai described Ōta as outgoing and amiable, in contrast to the more reserved Nishizawa, and said he would have been "more at home in a nightclub" than in Lae.
Akihiro Tsukatani (塚谷 晃弘; 16 March 1919 in Tokyo - 13 October 1995) was a Japanese composer. Among his many…Akihiro Tsukatani (塚谷 晃弘; 16 March 1919 in Tokyo - 13 October 1995) was a Japanese composer. Among his many compositions are three operas Pongo (1965), Ajatasatru (1966), and Kakitsubata (1967).
Kenichi Hirosawa (広沢 賢一, Hirosawa Kenichi; 15 March 1919 – 15 February 2003) was a Japanese politician and political…Kenichi Hirosawa (広沢 賢一, Hirosawa Kenichi; 15 March 1919 – 15 February 2003) was a Japanese politician and political activist. He was a member of the Japan Socialist Party (JSP) and served one term in the House of Representatives.
Haruo Wada (Japanese: 和田春生; 15 March 1919 – 17 October 1999) was a Japanese trade unionist and politician. Wada joined…Haruo Wada (Japanese: 和田春生; 15 March 1919 – 17 October 1999) was a Japanese trade unionist and politician. Wada joined the Japanese Merchant Navy in 1939. He was a founding member of the All-Japan Seamen's Union in 1945. Starting in 1948, he worked full-time for the union as an organizer. In 1950, he was a founding member of the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan, and worked for it as a permanent secretary. He was opposed to its increasingly left-wing stance. In 1954, he helped found the All-Japan Trade Union Congress (Zenro) split, and was appointed as its general secretary. In 1964, Zenro became part of the Japanese Confederation of Labour, and he became its vice president. In 1965, he additionally served as president of the ICFTU Asia and Pacific Regional Organisation, and served until his resignation in 1968. Wada was a member of the Democratic Socialist Party, and in 1969 he was elected to the House of Representatives, serving until 1972. From 1974 until 1979, he served in the House of Councillors.
Tsutomu Mizukami (水上勉, Mizukami Tsutomu; 8 March 1919 – 8 September 2004), also known as Tsutomu Minakami, was a…Tsutomu Mizukami (水上勉, Mizukami Tsutomu; 8 March 1919 – 8 September 2004), also known as Tsutomu Minakami, was a Japanese writer of novels, biographies, and plays. Mizukami's major works include The Temple of the Wild Geese, Kiga kaikyō and Bamboo Dolls of Echizen. His writings earned him, among other awards, the Tanizaki Prize and the Naoki Prize.
Kiichi Yoshida (吉田 喜一, Yoshida Kiichi; 6 March 1919 – 21 December 1944) was a Japanese swimmer. He competed in the…Kiichi Yoshida (吉田 喜一, Yoshida Kiichi; 6 March 1919 – 21 December 1944) was a Japanese swimmer. He competed in the men's 100 metre backstroke at the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was killed in action during World War II.
Tadahito "Tad" Mochinaga (持永 只仁, Mochinaga Tadahito; March 3, 1919 – April 1, 1999) was a pioneer Japanese stop-motion…Tadahito "Tad" Mochinaga (持永 只仁, Mochinaga Tadahito; March 3, 1919 – April 1, 1999) was a pioneer Japanese stop-motion animator. Having done many stop motion films in Japan, he is best known as the animator for Rankin/Bass' "Animagic" productions at his MOM Production Studio in Tokyo throughout the 1960s. He did this work in association with American director Arthur Rankin, Jr. who wrote and designed the productions before sending them to Japan for animation. In 1945, Mochinaga traveled to Xinjing in the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo set up in occupied China, to work at the Manchukuo Film Association. He stayed in China after the war and from 1950, he spent three years in Shanghai working on such films as Thank You, Kitty. He is perhaps the only major artist of the era to have worked in both the Chinese and Japanese animation industries.
Shōichi Saba (佐波正一, Saba Shōichi) (KBE; February 28, 1919 in Tokyo – September 10, 2012) was one of the pioneers of…Shōichi Saba (佐波正一, Saba Shōichi) (KBE; February 28, 1919 in Tokyo – September 10, 2012) was one of the pioneers of postwar Japanese manufacturing. He served as the Chairman of the Board and Chief Scout of the Scout Association of Japan, serving for 12 years from 1994, and was the former Chair of the Board of Trustees of the International Christian University.
Sumio Mori (森 澄雄, Mori Sumio; 28 February 1919 in Nagasaki – 18 August 2010 in Tokyo) was a Japanese poet noted for…Sumio Mori (森 澄雄, Mori Sumio; 28 February 1919 in Nagasaki – 18 August 2010 in Tokyo) was a Japanese poet noted for haiku. He had an interest in the haikai tradition of pre-modern times. He won the Yomiuri Prize for poetry in 1977 and the Dakotsu Prize in 1987.
Kaku Takashina (高品格, Takashina Kaku) (February 22, 1919 - March 11, 1994) was a Japanese actor. He won the award for…Kaku Takashina (高品格, Takashina Kaku) (February 22, 1919 - March 11, 1994) was a Japanese actor. He won the award for best supporting actor at the 9th Hochi Film Award and at the 6th Yokohama Film Festival for Mahjong hōrōki.
Shinroku Momose (百瀬 晋六, Momose Shinroku; 20 February 1919 – 21 January 1997) was a Japanese aircraft and automotive…Shinroku Momose (百瀬 晋六, Momose Shinroku; 20 February 1919 – 21 January 1997) was a Japanese aircraft and automotive engineer. He is famous for the development of the Subaru 360, the Subaru Sambar and the Subaru 1000 series.
Izuo Nagano (永野 嚴雄, Nagano Izuo; March 20, 1918 – October 8, 1981) was the Governor of Hiroshima Prefecture from 1962…Izuo Nagano (永野 嚴雄, Nagano Izuo; March 20, 1918 – October 8, 1981) was the Governor of Hiroshima Prefecture from 1962 to 1973. In 1974 was elected as a member of the upper house of the Japanese parliament.
Yasuji Hondo (本堂 保次, Hondō Yasuji; March 18, 1918 - June 8, 1997) was a Nippon Professional Baseball second baseman and…Yasuji Hondo (本堂 保次, Hondō Yasuji; March 18, 1918 - June 8, 1997) was a Nippon Professional Baseball second baseman and manager. He received the Best Nine Award as a second baseman in 1950.
Mutsuo Sugimura (杉浦 睦夫, Sugiura Mutsuo; March 13, 1918 – August 26, 1986) was a Japanese engineer famous for being the…Mutsuo Sugimura (杉浦 睦夫, Sugiura Mutsuo; March 13, 1918 – August 26, 1986) was a Japanese engineer famous for being the first to develop a Gastro-camera (a present-day Esophagogastroduodenoscope). His story was illustrated in the NHK TV documentary feature, "Project X: Challengers: The Development of a Gastro-camera Wholly Made in Japan". Sugiura graduated from Tokyo Polytechnic University in 1938 and then joined Olympus Corporation. While working at this company, he first developed an Esophagogastroduodenoscope in 1950. He died in 1986 at the age of 68.
Tadahiko Hayashi (Japanese: 林 忠彦, Hepburn: Hayashi Tadahiko; 1918–1990) was a Japanese photographer noted for a wide…Tadahiko Hayashi (Japanese: 林 忠彦, Hepburn: Hayashi Tadahiko; 1918–1990) was a Japanese photographer noted for a wide range of work including documentary (particularly genre scenes of the period immediately after the war) and portraiture.
Shionoumi Unemon (born Tado Kishimoto; 1 March 1918 – 18 July 1983) was a sumo wrestler from Himeji, Japan. He made his…Shionoumi Unemon (born Tado Kishimoto; 1 March 1918 – 18 July 1983) was a sumo wrestler from Himeji, Japan. He made his professional debut in January 1938, reaching the top makuuchi division in January 1943. His highest rank was ōzeki, which he held in two spells from June 1947 until October 1948, and again from January 1950 until his retirement in May 1951. He then became an elder of the Japan Sumo Association and worked as a coach at Dewanoumi stable until reaching the mandatory retirement age of 65 in 1983. He died later in the same year.
Fujita Haruko (藤田晴子; February 25, 1918 – October 10, 2001) was a Japanese pianist, teacher, music critic, and jurist.…Fujita Haruko (藤田晴子; February 25, 1918 – October 10, 2001) was a Japanese pianist, teacher, music critic, and jurist. Born to a family of jurists, she became one of the leading Japanese pianists of the 1930s. After the Pacific War she turned from music to jurisprudence, becoming one of the first female students enrolled at University of Tokyo. In later life she primarily worked as an academic, music critic, and constitutional scholar.
Takashi Nagase (永瀬 隆, Nagase Takashi; February 20, 1918 – June 21, 2011) was a Japanese military interpreter during…Takashi Nagase (永瀬 隆, Nagase Takashi; February 20, 1918 – June 21, 2011) was a Japanese military interpreter during World War II. He worked for the Kempeitai (military secret police) at the construction of the Burma Railway in Thailand, and spent most of his later life as an activist for post-war reconciliation and against Japanese militarism. He made over a hundred visits to Thailand, and from the 1970s, arranged several meetings between former Allied prisoners of wars and their Japanese captors, in efforts to promote peace and understanding. In 1993, he met and reconciled with British former POW Eric Lomax—in whose torture sessions Nagase had been involved—an encounter retold in Lomax's 1995 autobiography The Railway Man.
Shinsuke Ashida (芦田伸介, Ashida Shinsuke; 14 March 1914 – 10 January 1999) was a Japanese actor. He appeared in more than…Shinsuke Ashida (芦田伸介, Ashida Shinsuke; 14 March 1914 – 10 January 1999) was a Japanese actor. He appeared in more than 90 films between 1952 and 1996.
Hong Jin-Ki (Korean: 홍진기; Hanja: 洪璡基; Japanese: 德山 進一, romanized: Tokuyama Shin'ichi; 13 March 1917 – 13 July 1986) was…Hong Jin-Ki (Korean: 홍진기; Hanja: 洪璡基; Japanese: 德山 進一, romanized: Tokuyama Shin'ichi; 13 March 1917 – 13 July 1986) was a South Korean media mogul, jurist and politician of Syngman Rhee's government who served as the 9th Minister of Justice from 1958 to 1960.
Sankichi Tōge (峠 三吉, Tōge Sankichi; 19 February 1917 – 10 March 1953), born Mitsuyoshi Tōge, was a Japanese poet…Sankichi Tōge (峠 三吉, Tōge Sankichi; 19 February 1917 – 10 March 1953), born Mitsuyoshi Tōge, was a Japanese poet, activist, and survivor of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. He is best known for his collection of poems Genbaku Shishu ("Poems of the Atomic Bomb"), published in 1951.
Shōgyo Ōba (大場松魚, Ōba Shōgyo; March 15, 1916 – June 21, 2012) was a Japanese maki-e lacquer artist. He began practicing…Shōgyo Ōba (大場松魚, Ōba Shōgyo; March 15, 1916 – June 21, 2012) was a Japanese maki-e lacquer artist. He began practicing the art of maki-e lacquerware in Kanazawa in 1945. Shōgyo was named a Living National Treasure of Japan in 1982 for his expertise in maki-e lacquerware. Shōgyo was born Ōba Katsuo on March 15, 1916, in Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. His grandfather had established the family lacquer business. Shōgyo graduated from Ishikawa Prefectural Industrial School, where he studied painting and design. Shōgyo then became an apprentice of Matsuda Gonroku in Tokyo. He especially skilled in the technique of hyōmon, in which pieces of gold or silver cut lead are attached to decorative objects, often to round objects, such as vases, which can be difficult to apply this technique. Shogyo restored the gold and lacquer decorations of Chūson-ji Konjiki-dō. a 10th-century Buddhist temple in Hiraizumi, Iwate, in 1964. Shōgyo Ōba died on June 21, 2012, at the age of 96.
Shigeru Kurita (栗田 茂, Kurita Shigeru; March 15, 1916 – March 8, 1995), known by his pen name Junpei Gomikawa (五味川 純平…Shigeru Kurita (栗田 茂, Kurita Shigeru; March 15, 1916 – March 8, 1995), known by his pen name Junpei Gomikawa (五味川 純平, Gomikawa Junpei), was a Japanese novelist. He is best known for his 1958 World War II novel The Human Condition (Ningen no joken), which became a best seller. The novel became the basis for Masaki Kobayashi's film trilogy The Human Condition as well as a radio drama. His eighteen-volume novel Men and War (Senso to ningen), formed the basis for Satsuo Yamamoto's 1970–1973 film trilogy of the same name.
Aida Yūji (会田 雄次; 5 March 1916 – 17 September 1997) was a Japanese historian specialising in the Renaissance. He was…Aida Yūji (会田 雄次; 5 March 1916 – 17 September 1997) was a Japanese historian specialising in the Renaissance. He was active as a conservative thinker, commentator and major exponent of the Nihonjinron. He was born in Kyōto on 5 March 1916. He graduated from Kyoto University in 1940 and had his master's degree in history interrupted in 1943, when he was drafted into the Imperial Japanese Army. He participated in the Burma campaign of 1944 as an infantryman. He surrendered to the British Army at the war's end and was detained at a prisoner-of-war camp in the British colony of Burma. His experiences in the camp are described in his best-selling memoir, Aaron Shūyōjo (1962). Upon his repatriation in 1947, he began to teach at Kobe University. He was appointed full professor at Kyoto University's Humanities Department in 1952. He retired from the university in 1979, when he became an emeritus professor. He died of pneumonia on 17 September 1997.
Takeshi Araki (荒木 武, Araki Takeshi; 4 March 1916 – 15 June 1994) was a Japanese politician who served as the Mayor of…Takeshi Araki (荒木 武, Araki Takeshi; 4 March 1916 – 15 June 1994) was a Japanese politician who served as the Mayor of Hiroshima from 1975 to 1991. In April 1947, he was elected as member of the Hiroshima city council, and as member of the Hiroshima Prefectural Assembly in 1951.
Ichirō Arishima (有島 一郎, Arishima Ichirō; March 1, 1916 – July 20, 1987) was a Japanese comedian and actor. Nicknamed…Ichirō Arishima (有島 一郎, Arishima Ichirō; March 1, 1916 – July 20, 1987) was a Japanese comedian and actor. Nicknamed "The Japanese Chaplin", he is best known outside Japan for his appearance as Tako, the promoter of King Kong in King Kong vs. Godzilla (1962).
Eiichi Kazama (風間 栄一, Kazama Eiichi; 19 February 1916 – 8 May 2001) was a Japanese wrestler. He competed in the men's…Eiichi Kazama (風間 栄一, Kazama Eiichi; 19 February 1916 – 8 May 2001) was a Japanese wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle lightweight at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Michihiro Ito (born 20 March 1915, date of death unknown) was a Japanese field hockey player. He competed in the men's…Michihiro Ito (born 20 March 1915, date of death unknown) was a Japanese field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Kunihiko Kodaira (小平 邦彦, Kodaira Kunihiko; Japanese pronunciation: [kodaꜜiɾa kɯɲiꜜçi̥ko], 16 March 1915 – 26 July 1997)…Kunihiko Kodaira (小平 邦彦, Kodaira Kunihiko; Japanese pronunciation: [kodaꜜiɾa kɯɲiꜜçi̥ko], 16 March 1915 – 26 July 1997) was a Japanese mathematician known for distinguished work in algebraic geometry and the theory of complex manifolds, and as the founder of the Japanese school of algebraic geometers. He was awarded a Fields Medal in 1954, being the first Japanese national to receive this honour.
Satoshi Matsui (12 March 1915 – 1 August 1995) was a Japanese basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at…Satoshi Matsui (12 March 1915 – 1 August 1995) was a Japanese basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1936 Summer Olympics. He later served as vice president of the Japan Basketball Association.
Joseph Mitsuo Kitagawa (March 8, 1915 – October 7, 1992) was an eminent Japanese American scholar in religious studies.…Joseph Mitsuo Kitagawa (March 8, 1915 – October 7, 1992) was an eminent Japanese American scholar in religious studies. He was professor emeritus and dean of the University of Chicago Divinity School. He is considered one of the founders of the field of the history of religions. He is known for his contributions to the study of religious traditions in Asia and intercultural understanding of the East and the West. Kitagawa was born in Osaka Prefecture. He graduated from Rikkyo University in Tokyo in 1937. He came to the United States to study theology in 1941. During World War II, Kitagawa was interned at the Minidoka War Relocation Center at Hunt, Idaho, where he remained until October 1945. He received his B.D. from Seabury-Western Theological Seminary in 1947. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago and joined the faculty of the Divinity School in 1951. He became a U.S. citizen in 1955. Kitagawa was a founding editor of History of Religions. He served as president of the American Society for the Study of Religions from 1960 to 1972 and Vice President of the International Association for the History of Religions from 1975 to 1985. He was a visiting professor at the University of California at Santa Barbara, the University of Tokyo, and Koyasan University. His wife, Evelyn M. Kitagawa, was a sociologist, and his daughter, Anne Rose Kitagawa, became a notable curator of Asian art.
Yōichi Midorikawa (緑川 洋一, Midorikawa Yōichi; 1915–2001), birth name Satoshi Yokoyama (横山 知), was a Japanese…Yōichi Midorikawa (緑川 洋一, Midorikawa Yōichi; 1915–2001), birth name Satoshi Yokoyama (横山 知), was a Japanese photographer from Okayama prefecture, Japan, who became one of postwar Japan's leading figures in color landscape photography. He first took up the camera after graduating middle school in Okayama, but his father forced him into studying Dentistry. He returned to photography as a hobby around the same time he opened his own dentil clinic in 1937. Throughout his life, he maintained his base in Okayama. He later joined the Chūgoku Photographers Group, alongside figures such as Shoji Ueda, and Ginryūsha with Tadahiko Hayashi and Shōtarō Akiyama. HIs first work appear in monthly photo competitions in the 1930s. His early work, produced during the Pacific war, focused on photojournalism, followed by documentary photography depicting fishing villages, salt fields, rural communities around the Seto Inland Sea, and Osaka Merchant districts. From the 1950s onward, however, he turned to experimental forms of expression, employing techniques such as multiple exposure, long exposure, photomontage, filter works, and special film processing to create his dreamlike landscapes. He began using color film in the early 1960s, before it had come into widespread use. His breakthrough came with the1962 photobook Seto Inland Sea / Setonaikai, which won several awards from the Japan Photo Critics Association and the Photographic Society of Japan Award. Thereafter, he continued his exploration of landscape photography, taking photos of Japanese national parks and other natural sites throughout Japan. He is often described as a “magician of color.” Over the course of his career, he published more than seventy photobooks. Midorikawa's photographs have been widely exhibited in Japan and internationally, and his works are represented in major public collections such as the Tokyo Photographic Art Museum, the Yokohama Museum of Art, Victoria and Albert Museum. And the Bibliothèque national de France. Midorikawa's photographs were included in Donald Richie's travel memoir titled, The Inland Sea, about the region and its disappearing traditions. The exhibition Midorikawa Yoichi and his Circle: The Early Years, 1938-59, held at the Okayama Prefectural Museum of Art in 2005, sought to reexamine Midorikawa's early works in order to trace the process through which he developed the richly saturated colors, multiple exposures, and other experimental techniques that culminated in the landscape photographs of the 1960s, earning him the epithet the “magician of color.” Curator Naruhisa Hirose surveys Midorikawa ‘s first appearances in the photography magazine Shashin Salon to his various photo series from the 1950s, and his relationships to contemporaneous photographers including Shoji Ueda, Shōtarō Akiyama, Tadahiko Hayashi, and Takeji Iwamiya.
Nobuo Kojima (小島 信夫, Kojima Nobuo; February 28, 1915 – October 26, 2006) was a Japanese writer prominent in the postwar…Nobuo Kojima (小島 信夫, Kojima Nobuo; February 28, 1915 – October 26, 2006) was a Japanese writer prominent in the postwar era. He is most readily associated with other writers of his generation, such as Shōtarō Yasuoka, who describe the effects of Japan's defeat in World War II on the country's psyche. From an early age, Kojima read a wide variety of literature, both Japanese and Western, and such writers as Nikolai Gogol, Franz Kafka, and Fyodor Dostoevsky had a strong influence on his work. In addition to his fiction, he had a long career as a professor of English literature at Meiji University in Tokyo, publishing criticism and making translations of many major American writers, including Dorothy Parker, Irwin Shaw, and Bernard Malamud.
Hayao Kinugasa (衣笠駿雄, Kinugasa Hayao; February 2, 1915 – February 11, 2007) was a Japanese military officer who served…Hayao Kinugasa (衣笠駿雄, Kinugasa Hayao; February 2, 1915 – February 11, 2007) was a Japanese military officer who served in the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second World War and post-war joined up with the Japanese Self-Defense Forces (JGSDF) and its predecessor forces, namely the National Police Reserve (NPR). In the course of his career, he served in the JSDF's Joint Staff Council and was the first commander of the 1st Airborne Brigade before he retired to private life.
Hiroshi Noma (野間宏, Noma Hiroshi; February 23, 1915 – January 2, 1991) was a Japanese poet, novelist and essayist.…Hiroshi Noma (野間宏, Noma Hiroshi; February 23, 1915 – January 2, 1991) was a Japanese poet, novelist and essayist. According to literary scholar Doug Slaymaker, Noma is widely credited with having discovered or invented the style of writing called by the term "postwar literature" (sengo bungaku) in Japan.
Hiro Saga (嵯峨 浩, Saga Hiro; 16 April 1914 – 20 June 1987) was a Japanese noblewoman and memoir writer. She was the…Hiro Saga (嵯峨 浩, Saga Hiro; 16 April 1914 – 20 June 1987) was a Japanese noblewoman and memoir writer. She was the daughter of Marquis Saneto Saga and a distant relative of Emperor Shōwa. She was married in 1937 to Pujie, the younger brother of Puyi, the last monarch of the Qing dynasty of China between 1908 and 1912 and the ruler of Japanese-backed Manchukuo between 1932 and 1945. After her marriage to Pujie, she was known as, and identified herself as, Aishinkakura Hiro (愛新覺羅•浩) or Aixinjueluo Hao in Chinese.
Yoshinori Imaizumi (今泉吉典, Imaizumi Yoshinori; March 11, 1914 – April 2, 2007) was a Japanese zoologist. He is known for…Yoshinori Imaizumi (今泉吉典, Imaizumi Yoshinori; March 11, 1914 – April 2, 2007) was a Japanese zoologist. He is known for describing the Iriomote cat in 1967. He was the director of the zoological department of the National Museum of Nature and Science.
Masayasu Maeda (born 10 March 1914, date of death unknown) was a Japanese basketball player. He competed in the men's…Masayasu Maeda (born 10 March 1914, date of death unknown) was a Japanese basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Kim Sa-ryang (Korean: 김사량; Hanja: 金史良; 3 March 1914 – 1950) was a Korean writer. He wrote in a variety of genres…Kim Sa-ryang (Korean: 김사량; Hanja: 金史良; 3 March 1914 – 1950) was a Korean writer. He wrote in a variety of genres including novels, plays, reports, and reviews, in two languages, Korean and Japanese. His career as a writer first began in Japan after publishing a short story written in Japanese, and his Korean-written works were later published in Korea. For his short story "Bit soge (빛 속에, Into the Light)," written in Japanese, he became the first Korean to be nominated for the Akutagawa Prize. He went to China in 1945 to join the army fighting for Korea's liberation. After the country's independence, he mostly lived and wrote in North Korea and died in 1950 during the Korean War.
Tetsuji Fukushima (Japanese: 福島 鉄次, romanized: Fukushima Tetsuji ; February 19 1914-1992) was a Japanese manga artist.…Tetsuji Fukushima (Japanese: 福島 鉄次, romanized: Fukushima Tetsuji ; February 19 1914-1992) was a Japanese manga artist. Fukushima was born in the Fukushima Prefecture. From January 1949 to February 1956, his science fiction comic series Sabaku no Maō ( Japanese: 砂漠の魔王, lit. 'Demon King of the Desert' ) appeared in the Bōken Ō magazine by Akita Shoten. He was inspired for this manga by the Middle Eastern tale of Aladdin and the Magic Lamp. Sabaku no Maō was also published in nine anthologies after the magazine publication. The manga's drawing style was influenced by American comics, which the editor of magazine had bought from the occupation army and given to Fukushima as a reference. Hayao Miyazaki cited an episode in Sabaku no Maō as a great inspiration for his film The Castle in the Sky: "As a student, I read it [Sabaku no Maō] over and over again with a pounding heart. There was an episode about a gemstone that gave you the power to fly. I was so moved by it that I wanted to make a film about a magic stone." Fukushima's other works include Inazuma Dōji (いなずま童子; 1954), Kaijin Z (怪人Z) and Shippū Kenshi (疾風剣士; 1956–1957).
Ishida Hakyō (石田波郷; March 18, 1913 – November 21, 1969) was a Japanese haiku poet. Ishida Hakyō was born on March 18…Ishida Hakyō (石田波郷; March 18, 1913 – November 21, 1969) was a Japanese haiku poet. Ishida Hakyō was born on March 18, 1913, in Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture. He attended Matsyama Middle School, where numerous haiku poets and other authors had been educated, and was publishing his own haiku in local newspapers as early as fourth grade. Ishida was profoundly influenced by Katsushika (1930), the haiku collection by Shūōshi Mizuhara. He moved to Tokyo and began contributing to Shūōshi's publication, Ashibi ("Staggerbush"), eventually becoming an editor at the magazine. He also began studying literature at Meiji University. In 1935, at the age of 22, he published his first haiku collection, Ishida Hakyō kushū. While still contributing to Ashibi, in 1937 he became the founding editor of his own journal, Tsuru ("Crane"). Eventually, he broke with the Ashibi group and joined the Nihon Bungaku Hokokukai ("Patrotic Association for Japanese Literature"). Ishida was drafted in 1943 into the Japanese Army and served in a carrier pigeon unit in northern China. His service only lasted a few months until he contracted pleurisy and was discharged. Ishida suffered serious illness the rest of his life. After the war was no easier for Ishida and his family, as they were forced to live in a shack in the ruins of Tokyo. He wrote a number of poems describing postwar desolation. Ishida had two major operations and was hospitalized from 1948 to 1950 and published a collection of five hundred haiku called Shakumyō ("Clinging to Life") about his experience. Ishida is often grouped with fellow haiku poets Nakamura Kusatao and Katō Shūson as part of a humanist approach to poetry referred to as ningen tankyūha (人間探求派). Ishida eventually published seven volumes of haiku. He was awarded the Yomiuri Prize in 1954. Ishida Hakyō died on 21 November 1969.
Yoneichiro Sakaki (榊 米一郎, Sakaki Yoneichirō) is a Japanese electrical engineer. From 1976 to 1984, he served as the…Yoneichiro Sakaki (榊 米一郎, Sakaki Yoneichirō) is a Japanese electrical engineer. From 1976 to 1984, he served as the first president of the Toyohashi University of Technology. His son Yoshiyuki Sakaki currently serves as the sixth president of TUT.
Mutsuo Taniguchi (5 March 1913 – 2 October 1943) was a Japanese sprinter. He competed in the men's 200 metres and the…Mutsuo Taniguchi (5 March 1913 – 2 October 1943) was a Japanese sprinter. He competed in the men's 200 metres and the men's 4 x 100 meters relay events at the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was killed in action during World War II.
Sadako Kurihara (栗原 貞子, Kurihara Sadako; March 4, 1913 – March 6, 2005) was a Japanese poet who lived in Hiroshima and…Sadako Kurihara (栗原 貞子, Kurihara Sadako; March 4, 1913 – March 6, 2005) was a Japanese poet who lived in Hiroshima and survived the atomic bombing during World War II. She is best known for her poem Umashimenkana (Bringing Forth New Life).
Minoru Honda (本田 実, Honda Minoru; February 26, 1913 – August 26, 1990) was a Japanese astronomer. Starting in 1937…Minoru Honda (本田 実, Honda Minoru; February 26, 1913 – August 26, 1990) was a Japanese astronomer. Starting in 1937, Honda worked for Issei Yamamoto at the Zodiacal Light Observatory in Hiroshima. He discovered twelve comets between 1940 and 1968, including the periodic comet 45P/Honda–Mrkos–Pajdušáková. He discovered on FH Serpentis (Nova Serpentis 1970) on February 13, 1970 from Kurashiki, Japan. He was the first to report the very bright V1500 Cygni (Nova Cygni 1975) at magnitude 3.0 on August 29, 1975; it peaked at 2.0, and many hundreds of independent discoveries were subsequently made by others. The asteroid 3904 Honda is named after him, 8485 Satoru is named after his wife, and 11442 Seijin-Sanso is named after his astronomical observatory.
Hideo Hagiwara (萩原 英雄, Hagiwara Hideo; 1913 – November 4, 2007) was a Japanese artist who worked mainly with woodblock…Hideo Hagiwara (萩原 英雄, Hagiwara Hideo; 1913 – November 4, 2007) was a Japanese artist who worked mainly with woodblock prints. He was born in Kōfu, Yamanashi. Between 1921 and 1929 he lived in Korea and Manchuria. He studied at the Tokyo School of Fine Arts, where he graduated at the Oil Painting Section in 1938. While still there he attended Un'ichi Hiratsuka's extracurricular woodblock printing course, and in the same year he became quality controller at the Takamizawa Woodblock Print Company. He was conscripted into the army in 1943. In 1945 he had lost his house, his atelier and nearly all his early works. Around 1950 he had sufficiently recovered to start painting again. At the same time he started making Sōsaku Hanga, both figurative and abstract prints. He was known as a constant innovator and he was generally considered one of the best post-World War II Sōsaku Hanga artists.
