In quantum mechanics, internal measurement refers to the measurement of a quantum system by an observer (referred to as…
In quantum mechanics, internal measurement refers to the measurement of a quantum system by an observer (referred to as an internal observer or endo-observer). A quantum measurement represents the action of a measuring device on a quantum system. When the measuring device is a part of the measured quantum system, the measurement proceeds internally in relation to the whole system. Internal measurement theory was first introduced by Koichiro Matsuno and developed by Yukio-Pegio Gunji. They expanded on the original ideas of Robert Rosen and Howard Pattee regarding quantum measurement in living systems viewed as natural internal observers that belong to the same scale of the observed objects. According to Matsuno, an internal measurement is accompanied by a redistribution of probabilities that leave them entangled in accordance with the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics by Everett. However, this form of quantum entanglement does not survive in an external measurement, in which the mapping to real numbers takes place and the result is revealed in classical spacetime, as the Copenhagen interpretation suggests. This means that the internal measurement concept unifies the current alternative interpretations of quantum mechanics.
Famous People Born on March 14
March 14: 63 people
Yoshio Nakagawa (中川 義雄, Nakagawa Yoshio; born 14 March 1938) is a Japanese politician of the Sunrise Party of Japan…
Yoshio Nakagawa (中川 義雄, Nakagawa Yoshio; born 14 March 1938) is a Japanese politician of the Sunrise Party of Japan, and a previous member of the House of Councillors in the Diet (national legislature).
Tsutomu Ōhashi (大橋 力, Ōhashi Tsutomu; born March 14, 1933) is a Japanese agricultural scientist, composer, and record…
Tsutomu Ōhashi (大橋 力, Ōhashi Tsutomu; born March 14, 1933) is a Japanese agricultural scientist, composer, and record producer. He is also known by his pseudonym, Shoji Yamashiro (山城 祥二, Yamashiro Shōji).
Yoichi Nishimaru (西丸 與一, Nishimaru Yoichi; 14 March 1927 – 3 April 2020) was a Japanese physician specializing in…
Yoichi Nishimaru (西丸 與一, Nishimaru Yoichi; 14 March 1927 – 3 April 2020) was a Japanese physician specializing in medical jurisprudence. His books were so popular that they became best-sellers in Japan.
Shinsuke Ashida (芦田伸介, Ashida Shinsuke; 14 March 1914 – 10 January 1999) was a Japanese actor. He appeared in more than…
Shinsuke Ashida (芦田伸介, Ashida Shinsuke; 14 March 1914 – 10 January 1999) was a Japanese actor. He appeared in more than 90 films between 1952 and 1996.
Genzō Murakami (村上 元三, Murakami Genzō; March 14, 1910 – April 3, 2006) was a Japanese novelist who was born in Korea…
Genzō Murakami (村上 元三, Murakami Genzō; March 14, 1910 – April 3, 2006) was a Japanese novelist who was born in Korea during its occupation by the Empire of Japan. He is known for his historical novels as well as his influence on Japanese literature following the Second World War.
Mushitarō Oguri (小栗 虫太郎, Oguri Mushitarō; March 14, 1901 – February 10, 1946), born Eijirō Oguri, was a Japanese author…
Mushitarō Oguri (小栗 虫太郎, Oguri Mushitarō; March 14, 1901 – February 10, 1946), born Eijirō Oguri, was a Japanese author and an important mystery novelist in pre-war Japan.
Kenji Tago (Japanese: 多胡 謙治, Hepburn: Tago Kenji, March 14, 1895 – July 14, 1951) was a Japanese dentist and educator.…
Kenji Tago (Japanese: 多胡 謙治, Hepburn: Tago Kenji, March 14, 1895 – July 14, 1951) was a Japanese dentist and educator. He served as a professor at Tokyo Women's College of Dental Science (now Kanagawa Dental University). He was a native of Tsuyama, Okayama Prefecture.
Kim Chun-yon (Korean: 김준연; Hanja: 金俊淵; 1895–1971) was a South Korean politician and journalist who served as the fourth…
Kim Chun-yon (Korean: 김준연; Hanja: 金俊淵; 1895–1971) was a South Korean politician and journalist who served as the fourth minister of justice for South Korea from November 23, 1950, to May 6, 1951.
Kinnosuke Ogura (born Sakata, Yamagata, 1885 – 1962, Japanese: 小倉金之助) was a Japanese mathematician and historian of…
Kinnosuke Ogura (born Sakata, Yamagata, 1885 – 1962, Japanese: 小倉金之助) was a Japanese mathematician and historian of mathematics. He graduated in 1905 from Tokyo College of Science (now Tokyo Science University), and was a lecturer there from 1910 to 1911. He was assistant at the Department of Mathematics of the new Tohoku Imperial University from 1911 to 1917, and received his Ph.D. in 1916 with a thesis on trajectories in the conservative field of force. He did research in France for two years, from 1919 to 1922. He was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1920 at Strasbourg. Ogura was a researcher from 1917 to 1937 at the Shiomi Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (antecedent of the Faculty of Science, Osaka Imperial University). He was appointed in 1940 as Chief Director of Tokyo College of Science. In 1946 he was elected President of the Association of Democratic Scientists of Japan. Ogura died in 1962. His Collected Works appeared in eight volumes in 1974.
Hyozo Omori (大森 兵蔵, Ōmori Hyōzō; March 14, 1876 – January 3, 1913) was a Japanese physical education specialist who…
Hyozo Omori (大森 兵蔵, Ōmori Hyōzō; March 14, 1876 – January 3, 1913) was a Japanese physical education specialist who studied in America and married the American artist Annie Barrows Shepley. In Japan, they established Yurin En (友隣園; House of the Friendly Neighbor), which was a settlement house and leader in the Japanese playground movement. Omori introduced basketball and volleyball to the country and was the team manager at the 1912 Stockholm Olympics in Sweden.
Gempō Yamamoto (山本玄峰, Yamamoto Genpō; 1866-1961) was the abbot of both Ryūtaku-ji and Shoin-ji in Japan—also serving…
Gempō Yamamoto (山本玄峰, Yamamoto Genpō; 1866-1961) was the abbot of both Ryūtaku-ji and Shoin-ji in Japan—also serving temporarily as the head of the Myōshin-ji branch of Rinzai Zen Buddhism.
Tokutomi Sohō (徳富 蘇峰; Japanese pronunciation: [to.kɯ̥.toꜜ.mʲi | soꜜ.hoː], March 14 1863 – November 2 1957), born…
Tokutomi Sohō (徳富 蘇峰; Japanese pronunciation: [to.kɯ̥.toꜜ.mʲi | soꜜ.hoː], March 14 1863 – November 2 1957), born Tokutomi Iichirō (徳富 猪一郎), was a Japanese journalist, publisher and historian. He advocated commoner Europeanism and Europeanization, established Min'yūsha, and launched the magazines Kokumin no Tomo and the newspaper Kokumin Shimbun. He was the older brother of noted author, Tokutomi Roka.