Akira Hayami (速水融; 1929–2019) was an emeritus professor of Keio University and the first to introduce historical…Akira Hayami (速水融; 1929–2019) was an emeritus professor of Keio University and the first to introduce historical demography in Japan. Professor Hayami is also famous for coining the concept called "Industrious Revolution", which points out the socio-economic change from capital-intensive to labor-intensive one.
Takeshi Ito (Japanese: 伊東壮; 5 October 1929 – 3 March 2000) was a Japanese economist and peace activist. He served as…Takeshi Ito (Japanese: 伊東壮; 5 October 1929 – 3 March 2000) was a Japanese economist and peace activist. He served as the president of the University of Yamanashi, a representative committee member of the Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organizations (Nihon Hidankyo) that won the Nobel Prize in 2024, and the chairman of the Tokyo Confederation of A-Bomb Sufferers Organizations.
Nobuo Okishio (置塩 信雄; January 2, 1927 – November 13, 2003) was a Japanese Marxian economist and emeritus professor of…Nobuo Okishio (置塩 信雄; January 2, 1927 – November 13, 2003) was a Japanese Marxian economist and emeritus professor of Kobe University. In 1979, he was elected President of the Japan Association of Economics and Econometrics, which is now called Japanese Economic Association. Okishio studied mathematical economics under Kazuo Mizutani. In 1950 he graduated from Kobe University and later taught there. He soon began to doubt the premises and results of modern economics, and decided to search for alternatives by studying Marxian economics. Okishio worked to clarify the logic of Karl Marx’s economic system, offering formal and mathematical proofs for many Marxian theorems. For example, in 1955, he gave the world's first proof of the “Marxian fundamental theorem”, as it was later named by Michio Morishima, which is the theory that the exploitation of surplus labor is the necessary condition for the existence of positive profit. Concerning Marx’s Falling Rate of Profit, Okishio considered that his famous theorem would not deny it. Okishio wrote many papers covering various important fields in modern and Marxian economics, for example value and price, accumulation theory, critical analysis of Keynesian economics, trade cycle theory and on the long run tendency of capitalistic economy. They were published in over twenty books and two hundred papers, almost all in Japanese. About thirty of his published papers have been translated in English, and much of these materials are collected in the book (Nobuo Okishio, Michael Kruger and Peter Flaschel, 1993).
Jinkichji Tsukui (筑井 甚吉, Tsukui Jinkichi; January 31, 1926 – March 5, 2010) was a Japanese economist who was Professor…Jinkichji Tsukui (筑井 甚吉, Tsukui Jinkichi; January 31, 1926 – March 5, 2010) was a Japanese economist who was Professor of Economics at Osaka University from 1972 to 1989.
Takafusa Nakamura (中村隆英, Nakamura Takafusa; born October 15, 1925, Tokyo, died September 26, 2013) was a Japanese…Takafusa Nakamura (中村隆英, Nakamura Takafusa; born October 15, 1925, Tokyo, died September 26, 2013) was a Japanese economist. After graduating from the Economics Department of Tokyo University, he worked as an assistant, lecturer, and assistant professor in the Education Department of the same university before becoming a professor in 1970. After retiring in 1986, he became a professor emeritus at his alma mater, and professor at Ochanomizu Women's University and Toyo Eiwa University. Between 1977 and 1979 he was director of the Economic Research Division of the now-defunct Economic Planning Agency. He died of hepatitis on September 26, 2013.
Ken-Ichi Inada (稲田 献一, Inada Ken'ichi; March 8, 1925 – May 17, 2002) was a Japanese economist. Beginning in the 1950s…Ken-Ichi Inada (稲田 献一, Inada Ken'ichi; March 8, 1925 – May 17, 2002) was a Japanese economist. Beginning in the 1950s, Inada wrote a number of important papers on welfare economics, economic growth and international trade. His contributions include an early extension of Kenneth Arrow's impossibility theorem on the existence of a social welfare function (1955). Inada's extension of the Stolper–Samuelson theorem to the many-good, many-factor case is also considered as a classic piece in trade theory (1971). Inada has taught at universities including Osaka University and Tokyo Metropolitan University, served as a member of the honorary board of editors for the Japanese Economic Review since its first publishing in 1995, as well as being elected president of the Japanese Economic Association in 1980. He is known for the Inada conditions on a production function that can guarantee the stability of an economic growth path in a neoclassical growth model.
Michio Morishima (森嶋 通夫, Morishima Michio; July 18, 1923 – July 13, 2004) was a Japanese heterodox economist and public…Michio Morishima (森嶋 通夫, Morishima Michio; July 18, 1923 – July 13, 2004) was a Japanese heterodox economist and public intellectual who was the Sir John Hicks Professor of Economics at the London School of Economics from 1970 to 1988. He was also professor at Osaka University and member of the British Academy. In 1976 he won the Order of Culture (文化勲章, Bunka-kunshō).
Akihiro Tsukatani (塚谷 晃弘; 16 March 1919 in Tokyo - 13 October 1995) was a Japanese composer. Among his many…Akihiro Tsukatani (塚谷 晃弘; 16 March 1919 in Tokyo - 13 October 1995) was a Japanese composer. Among his many compositions are three operas Pongo (1965), Ajatasatru (1966), and Kakitsubata (1967).
Saburō Ōkita (大来 佐武郎 Ōkita Saburō) (3 November 1914 – 9 February 1993) was a Japanese economist and politician noted…Saburō Ōkita (大来 佐武郎 Ōkita Saburō) (3 November 1914 – 9 February 1993) was a Japanese economist and politician noted for his role in the postwar development of the Japanese economy and Japan-US relations.
Tadao Horie (堀江 忠男, Horie Tadao; September 13, 1913 – March 29, 2003) was a Japanese football player. He played for…Tadao Horie (堀江 忠男, Horie Tadao; September 13, 1913 – March 29, 2003) was a Japanese football player. He played for Japan national team.
Shigeto Tsuru (都留 重人, Tsuru Shigeto; March 6, 1912 – February 5, 2006) was a Japanese economist. He was widely honoured…Shigeto Tsuru (都留 重人, Tsuru Shigeto; March 6, 1912 – February 5, 2006) was a Japanese economist. He was widely honoured for his scholarship, including the Presidency of the International Economic Association. A pivotal figure in post-war Japanese economic thought, Shigeto Tsuru is widely recognized for his authoritative analysis of Japan's rapid economic reconstruction following its total defeat in World War II, and creator of the concept of creative defeat. He provided both a comprehensive chronology of the recovery process and a distinctive interpretation of the modern Japanese economy. Tsuru critically concluded that while Japan's creative and inspired response to its post-war challenges led to unprecedented economic success, this very success simultaneously generated a new set of persistent and complex problems within its structure.
Osamu Shimomura (下村 治 Shimomura Osamu, 1910 – November 27, 1989), born in Saga Prefecture, Kitagawa Village, was a…Osamu Shimomura (下村 治 Shimomura Osamu, 1910 – November 27, 1989), born in Saga Prefecture, Kitagawa Village, was a Japanese economist considered to be the "father of the Japanese economic miracle".
Takuma Yasui (安井 琢磨, Yasui Takuma; April 1, 1909 – December 17, 1995) was a Japanese economist known for his…Takuma Yasui (安井 琢磨, Yasui Takuma; April 1, 1909 – December 17, 1995) was a Japanese economist known for his contributions to mathematical economics. In particular, he is recognized as one of the first economists to utilize Lyapunov stability theory for analyzing the stability of economic equilibria. In 1970, he served as president of the Japanese Economic Association.
Norio Nanjo (南條 範夫; November 14, 1908 – October 30, 2004), born Koga Hidemasa, was a Japanese novelist and economist.…Norio Nanjo (南條 範夫; November 14, 1908 – October 30, 2004), born Koga Hidemasa, was a Japanese novelist and economist. Over the course of his life he authored numerous period novels and short stories. He was awarded Naoki Prize in 1956 for his work Toudaiki. His works played an influential role in the development of the zankoku monogatari subgenre of films.
Ryokichi Minobe (美濃部 亮吉, Minobe Ryōkichi; 5 February 1904 – 24 December 1984) was a Japanese economist, educator, and…Ryokichi Minobe (美濃部 亮吉, Minobe Ryōkichi; 5 February 1904 – 24 December 1984) was a Japanese economist, educator, and socialist politician who served as Governor of Tokyo from 1967 to 1979.
Kunio Maruyama (Japanese: 丸山 邦雄, June 2, 1903 – October 17, 1981) was a Japanese businessman, adventurer, and college…Kunio Maruyama (Japanese: 丸山 邦雄, June 2, 1903 – October 17, 1981) was a Japanese businessman, adventurer, and college professor of English and economics. He was one of the three Japanese men who were secretly sent from Xinjing's Japanese Society, that led to the successful repatriation of most of the 1.6 million Japanese who had been trapped in the former Manchukuo at the end of World War II.
Eiichi Sugimoto (杉本 栄一, Sugimoto Eiichi; August 9, 1901 – September 24, 1952) was a Japanese economist and professor at…Eiichi Sugimoto (杉本 栄一, Sugimoto Eiichi; August 9, 1901 – September 24, 1952) was a Japanese economist and professor at the Tokyo University of Commerce (now Hitotsubashi University), and a pioneer of mathematical economics in Japan. He participated in the Tokuzō Fukuda Seminar, and majored in Marxist economics at the Tokyo University of Commerce and went on to study in Germany before returning to Japan.
Seiichi Tobata (東畑 精一, Tobata Seiichi; February 2, 1899 – May 6, 1983) was a Japanese professor of agriculture, and a…Seiichi Tobata (東畑 精一, Tobata Seiichi; February 2, 1899 – May 6, 1983) was a Japanese professor of agriculture, and a pioneer of agricultural economics.
Ichiro Nakayama (中山 伊知郎, Nakayama Ichirō; September 20, 1898 – April 9, 1980) was a Japanese economist. He graduated…Ichiro Nakayama (中山 伊知郎, Nakayama Ichirō; September 20, 1898 – April 9, 1980) was a Japanese economist. He graduated from The Tokyo University of Commerce (now Hitotsubashi University) in 1926, and then studied under Joseph Schumpeter in Germany. He was a pioneer of mathematical economics in Japan. After serving as assistant at The Tokyo University of Commerce, he became an assistant professor in 1933, a professor in 1937 and president in 1949 at the same institution. He became Chairman of Central Labor Relations Commission of Japan in 1950, and served as the first Chairman of The Tax Commission of Japan from 1959 to 1965. In 1965 he was appointed as a professor emeritus of Hitotsubashi University. In 1968, he was recognized as a Person of Cultural Merit, and was appointed a Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun on 3 November 1974.
Kōzō Uno (Japanese: 宇野 弘蔵, Uno Kōzō; 12 November 1897 – 22 February 1977) was a Japanese Marxian economist. His work…Kōzō Uno (Japanese: 宇野 弘蔵, Uno Kōzō; 12 November 1897 – 22 February 1977) was a Japanese Marxian economist. His work, which sought to create a purely "scientific" reading of Karl Marx's critique of political economy, was highly influential in postwar Japan and led to the formation of the "Uno School" of Marxian thought. Uno is best known for his three-level methodology for the study of capitalism, which he developed to separate what he saw as Marx's pure economic theory from its historical and empirical illustrations. This method consists of: (1) the "theory of principles" (genriron), which outlines the logic of a "purely capitalist society" abstractly; (2) the "stages theory" (dankairon), which analyzes the historical development of capitalism through mercantilism, liberalism, and imperialism; (3) the "analysis of the present situation" (genjō bunseki), which examines the concrete details of contemporary capitalism. In his major work, Principles of Political Economy, Uno reconstructed Marx's Capital to fit this three-level approach, arguing that Marx had improperly mixed these levels of analysis. Uno's reconstruction prioritized the sphere of circulation over production and was critical of Marx's introduction of the labor theory of value. His work and that of his followers, such as Thomas T. Sekine and Makoto Itoh, has been influential in Anglophone Marxian debates, but has also has been criticized for by some for 'removing the critical core of Marx's work, particularly the theory of commodity fetishism', in favor of an equilibrium-based model of capitalism.
Itsurō Sakisaka (向坂 逸郎, Sakisaka Itsurō) (6 February 1897 – 22 January 1985) was a Japanese Marxian economist and…Itsurō Sakisaka (向坂 逸郎, Sakisaka Itsurō) (6 February 1897 – 22 January 1985) was a Japanese Marxian economist and socialist thinker. A professor of economics at Kyushu University, he was a leading theoretician of the left wing of the Japan Socialist Party (JSP) and co-founder and long-time leader of the Socialist Association (Shakaishugi Kyōkai).
Fukumoto Kazuo (Japanese: 福本 和夫, Hepburn: Fukumoto Kazuo; 4 July 1894 – 16 November 1983) was a Japanese Marxist and…Fukumoto Kazuo (Japanese: 福本 和夫, Hepburn: Fukumoto Kazuo; 4 July 1894 – 16 November 1983) was a Japanese Marxist and one of the most important theoreticians of the Japanese Communist Party during the 1920s.
Paek Nam-un (Korean: 백남운; 11 February 1894 – 12 June 1979) was a Korean economist, educator, and political activist…Paek Nam-un (Korean: 백남운; 11 February 1894 – 12 June 1979) was a Korean economist, educator, and political activist during the Japanese colonial period and later a politician in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. As a professor of economics at Yeonhee College, he was a leading socialist theorist and applied Marxist principles to Korean history to counter the official narrative of the Japanese colonial government. Along with his colleague Lee Soon-Tak, he was a prominent figure among anti-colonial intellectuals. After Korea's liberation in 1945, Paek became a leader in the Nam Joseon New Democratic Party and advocated for a "New Democracy" through a broad "National Unification Front" that would unite various political parties and social classes. In April 1948, Paek traveled to North Korea for a unification conference and remained there permanently. He subsequently held several high-ranking posts in the new government, serving as North Korea's first Minister of Education from 1948 to 1956 and later as Chairman of the Supreme People's Assembly from 1967 to 1972.
Kuruma Samezō (久留間鮫造, September 24, 1893 – October 20, 1982) was a Japanese economist. He was professor emeritus at…Kuruma Samezō (久留間鮫造, September 24, 1893 – October 20, 1982) was a Japanese economist. He was professor emeritus at Hōsei University where he ran the Ōhara Institute for Social Research, and was best known as the compiler of a Lexicon of Marxist Political Economy. He is the father of Rikkyō University professor emeritus Kuruma Ken.
Tadao Yanaihara (矢内原 忠雄, Yanaihara Tadao; January 27, 1893 – December 25, 1961) was a Japanese economist, educator and…Tadao Yanaihara (矢内原 忠雄, Yanaihara Tadao; January 27, 1893 – December 25, 1961) was a Japanese economist, educator and Christian pacifist. He served as the 16th president of the University of Tokyo, after Shigeru Nambara. He was the first director of Shakai Kagaku Kenkyūjo (Institute of Social Science or Shaken) at the University of Tokyo.
Fang Zong'ao (Chinese: 方宗鳌; Wade–Giles: Fang Tsung-ao; 1884 – 19 February 1950) was a late Qing dynasty scholar; a…Fang Zong'ao (Chinese: 方宗鳌; Wade–Giles: Fang Tsung-ao; 1884 – 19 February 1950) was a late Qing dynasty scholar; a well-known economist and jurist in the early Republic of China era, and a professor in economics and law. Fang was born in Puning, Guangdong Province, China, in 1884. In 1903, Fang went to Toa Dobunshoin (東亜同文書院大学) for study. In 1905, Fang returned to his home town Puning after he graduated from the college and established a teachers' college in Puning. In 1908, Fang was granted a scholarship from Qing dynasty government and went to Japan again for his studies. After graduating from Yamaguchi Business School in Yamaguchi Prefecture Fang was admitted to Meiji University. Fang graduated from Meiji University in 1914 and married a Japanese noble's descendant, Koga Yasuhisa's (古賀靖久) daughter Koga Masako (古賀政子), a student at Tsuda College. Fang returned to China after the wedding. About a year after his return, Fang left his hometown Puning for Beijing to pursue his career. During the time he stayed in Japan, Fang was appointed as a Political Affairs Director of the Tokyo Branch of the Progressive Party of the Republic of China. Shortly after settling in Beijing, Fang was introduced by the Chinese High Commissioner to Tokyo (Wang Da-xie (汪大夑), who later became the Foreign Affairs Minister) to work at the Reserve Bank of China as a principal auditor. Fang spent his spare time teaching economics courses at several universities as a part-time professor. Soon, he became a full-time professor at Zhongguo University (University of China) (中國大學), Peking University and Chaoyang University (朝陽大學). He served as the provost and dean of business studies of the University of China until 1937. In 1937, the Republic of China Provisional Government was established in Beijing. Fang was appointed as the Vice Minister of the Ministry of Education and Secretary General of the Legislation Council of the Provisional Government. When Minister Tang Er-he (汤尔和) was in the hospital in 1939, Fang served as the Acting Minister until Tang's death in 1940. Later, in 1940, when the Republic of China Nanjing National Government was established in Nanjing, Fang was appointed as the Vice Minister of Education of the North China Political Affairs Commission. During that period, Fang re-established the universities in Northern China to provide opportunities for students to continue their studies in Japanese-occupied regions. Fang also established the Law School of Peking University, and he was appointed as the first Head of the school. Fang was also selected as a board member of the China Federal Reserve Bank. Fang died on 19 February 1950 in Beijing at the age of 66.
Yasuma Takata (高田 保馬, Takata Yasuma; 27 December 1883 – 2 February 1972) was an influential sociologist and economist…Yasuma Takata (高田 保馬, Takata Yasuma; 27 December 1883 – 2 February 1972) was an influential sociologist and economist and is most widely known for his power theory of economics. A fruit - the Yasuma - was named after him after he discovered it on one of his many trips to Greece.
Zembei Horikiri (堀切 善兵衛; 4 May 1882 – 25 November 1946) was a Japanese politician and economist who served as Speaker…Zembei Horikiri (堀切 善兵衛; 4 May 1882 – 25 November 1946) was a Japanese politician and economist who served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1929 to 1930 and Ambassador to Italy from 1940 to 1942. He belonged to the Rikken Seiyukai party, and held several ranks in the Japanese imperial court. While ambassador, he worked to foster cooperation among the Tripartite Pact powers alongside Hiroshi Oshima, Japan's Ambassador to Germany. His brother, Zenjirō Horikiri, served as Minister for Home Affairs under Prime Minister Kijūrō Shidehara. In 1946, Horikiri died at home in Iizaka aged 64.
Hajime Kawakami (河上 肇, Kawakami Hajime; 20 October 1879 – 30 January 1946) was a Japanese professor and economist who…Hajime Kawakami (河上 肇, Kawakami Hajime; 20 October 1879 – 30 January 1946) was a Japanese professor and economist who studied Marxism and was active in Japanese communism. He was the editor and publisher of multiple magazines and journals and his academic work includes translations of the works of Edwin R. A. Seligman, Irving Fisher, Nicolaas Pierson, and Das Kapital. Born to a retainer for the Kikkawa clan and municipal official, Kawakami was raised and educated in Iwakuni and Yamaguchi. He graduated from Tokyo Imperial University in 1902 and became a professor at the university. Kawakami left the university to join Itō Shōshin's Garden of Selflessness after being inspired by Arnold Toynbee and Leo Tolstoy. He lived with the sect for two months before returning to Tokyo. Kawakami received a job at the Kyoto Imperial University in 1908 and became a professor in 1915. He studied in Europe shortly before and during the outbreak of World War I and wrote Tale of Poverty in response to the wealth inequality he witnessed. He started studying Marxism in 1919 and reorganised his lecture around the writings of Karl Marx in 1927. Ikuo Oyama and the Labour-Farmer Party were supported by Kawakami during the 1928 Japanese general election, but the party was suppressed after the March 15 incident and Kawakami was fired from the university. Kawakami was arrested for his political activities multiple times. He was a candidate of the New Labour-Farmer Party in the 1930 Japanese general election. He joined the Japanese Communist Party in 1932 and was the editor of Shimbun Akahata. The police arrested Kawakami in 1933, and he was sentenced to prison for five years. He was released in 1937 and spent the remainder of his life writing poetry and his autobiography.
Tokuzō Fukuda (福田 徳三 Fukuda Tokuzō; February 12, 1874 – May 8, 1930) was a pioneer of modern Japanese economics. Fukuda…Tokuzō Fukuda (福田 徳三 Fukuda Tokuzō; February 12, 1874 – May 8, 1930) was a pioneer of modern Japanese economics. Fukuda introduced economic theory and economic history for the Social Policy School and the Younger Historical school of economics. He graduated from the Tokyo Higher School of Commerce (today's Hitotsubashi University). After he was appointed lecturer of his alma mater, he studied in Germany, under Karl Bücher among others in the field, and he earned his doctorate from the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. His thesis dealt with the social and economic development in Japan (original title: Die gesellschaftliche und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung in Japan) and was supervised by Lujo Brentano. After returning to Japan, he became professor of his alma mater and later at Keiō University. During the years known as the period of "Taishō Democracy", he joined with others to establish Reimeikai, which was a society "to propagate ideas of democracy among the people." This group was formed in order to sponsor public lectures. After World War I, he defended democracy, advanced a critique of Marxian theory, and emphasized the solution of social and labour problems by government intervention rather than revolution. He is also considered a pioneer of the contemporary welfare state. As an advisor to the Ministry of Home Affairs, he also worked out policy drafts. He is closely related to the Japanese liberal movement and is considered a social-liberal or social-democrat.
Abe Isoo (安部 磯雄; 4 February 1865 – 10 February 1949) was a Japanese Christian socialist, teacher, pastor, economist…Abe Isoo (安部 磯雄; 4 February 1865 – 10 February 1949) was a Japanese Christian socialist, teacher, pastor, economist, parliamentarian and pacifist. Abe actively promoted socialism from a Christian humanitarian standpoint and was a pioneer of the Japanese socialist movement. He also largely contributed to the development of baseball in Japan, and was called "Father of Japanese baseball." He was the founder of the baseball club of Waseda University.
Soeda Juichi (添田 壽一; September 15, 1864 – July 4, 1929), also referred to as Juichi Soyeda, was a Japanese lawyer…Soeda Juichi (添田 壽一; September 15, 1864 – July 4, 1929), also referred to as Juichi Soyeda, was a Japanese lawyer, senior civil servant and academic economist. In 1913 he was delegated by the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce in Japan to study the California Alien Land Law of 1913.
Tameyuki Amano (天野 為之, Amano Tameyuki; February 6, 1861 – March 26, 1938) was a Japanese politician, educator and…Tameyuki Amano (天野 為之, Amano Tameyuki; February 6, 1861 – March 26, 1938) was a Japanese politician, educator and economist. He was born in Edo (after renamed to Tokyo), and grown in Karatsu, Saga. He argued the classical economics and free trade policy, and introduced John Stuart Mill's theory into Japan, from Meiji to pre-war Showa era. He was elected in the first Japanese general election in 1890, from the Rikken Kaishintō, which pursued a British-style constitutional monarchy. He was also a president of Toyo Keizai Inc. and Waseda University.
Daniel Mukoko Samba is a politician from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He serves as the Deputy Prime Minister…Daniel Mukoko Samba is a politician from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He serves as the Deputy Prime Minister under President Joseph Kabila. He also serves as Minister of the Budget.