Kento Inoue (井上絢登, Inoue Ayato; born February 23, 2000) is a Japanese professional baseball player. He is an outfielder…Kento Inoue (井上絢登, Inoue Ayato; born February 23, 2000) is a Japanese professional baseball player. He is an outfielder for the Yokohama DeNA BayStars of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).
Talla Ndao (Japanese: ンダウ ターラ; born 23 December 1999) is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a forward for…Talla Ndao (Japanese: ンダウ ターラ; born 23 December 1999) is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a forward for Muang Loei United.
Keitaro Ujiie (Japanese: 氏家 慶太郎, Hepburn: Ujiie Keitarō; born February 23, 1997), professionally known as Snail's House…Keitaro Ujiie (Japanese: 氏家 慶太郎, Hepburn: Ujiie Keitarō; born February 23, 1997), professionally known as Snail's House or Ujico*, is a Japanese electronic musician. He currently resides in Saitama, Japan.
Shusuke Ota (太田 修介, Ōta Shūsuke; born February 23, 1996) is a Japanese footballer who plays as a forward for J2 League…Shusuke Ota (太田 修介, Ōta Shūsuke; born February 23, 1996) is a Japanese footballer who plays as a forward for J2 League club Shonan Bellmare.
Toru Kubota (久保田 徹, Kubota Tōru; born 1996) is a Japanese documentary filmmaker. His works focuses on immigration and…Toru Kubota (久保田 徹, Kubota Tōru; born 1996) is a Japanese documentary filmmaker. His works focuses on immigration and refugee issues, and he has collaborated with media outlets including BBC, NHK World and Al Jazeera. In July 2022, he was arrested by the State Administration Council while filming in Yangon, and sentenced to 10 years, but released after 111 days of detention.
Tasuku Hiraoka (平岡 翼, Hiraoka Tasuku; born February 23, 1996 in Nara) is a Japanese football player. He plays for…Tasuku Hiraoka (平岡 翼, Hiraoka Tasuku; born February 23, 1996 in Nara) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tochigi SC.
Hiromi Wajima (born 23 February 1995) is a Japanese kickboxer, currently competing in the featherweight division of ONE…Hiromi Wajima (born 23 February 1995) is a Japanese kickboxer, currently competing in the featherweight division of ONE Championship. Previously, he competed in the super welterweight division of K-1, where he was K-1 Super Welterweight champion. He is the finalist of the 2020 K-1 Super Welterweight Grand Prix. He was ranked as the tenth-best lightweight (-71 kg) kickboxer in the world by Beyond Kick in December 2023.
Kenta Murayama (村山 謙太, Murayama Kenta; born 23 February 1993) is a Japanese middle-distance and long-distance runner.…Kenta Murayama (村山 謙太, Murayama Kenta; born 23 February 1993) is a Japanese middle-distance and long-distance runner. He competed in the 10,000 metres event at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing, China. His twin brother, Kota, competed in the 5000m. In 2018 he finished the marathons in Gold Coast with a personal best and Berlin, where he missed a record.
Kota Murayama (村山 紘太, Murayama Kōta; born 23 February 1993) is a Japanese long-distance runner. He competed in the 5000…Kota Murayama (村山 紘太, Murayama Kōta; born 23 February 1993) is a Japanese long-distance runner. He competed in the 5000 metres event at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing, China. His twin brother, Kenta, competed in the 10,000 metres.
Yu Minobe (美濃部 ゆう, Minobe Yū; born February 23, 1990) is a Japanese artistic gymnast. She competed for the national…Yu Minobe (美濃部 ゆう, Minobe Yū; born February 23, 1990) is a Japanese artistic gymnast. She competed for the national team at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the Women's artistic team all-around and the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Women's artistic team all-around.
Tsukasa Umesaki (梅崎 司, Umesaki Tsukasa; born 23 February 1987) is a Japanese professional footballer who plays for Oita…Tsukasa Umesaki (梅崎 司, Umesaki Tsukasa; born 23 February 1987) is a Japanese professional footballer who plays for Oita Trinita as an attacking midfielder.
Kazuya Kamenashi (亀梨 和也, Kamenashi Kazuya; born February 23, 1986) is a Japanese singer, actor, host, producer and…Kazuya Kamenashi (亀梨 和也, Kamenashi Kazuya; born February 23, 1986) is a Japanese singer, actor, host, producer and magazine model. Born and raised in Edogawa, Tokyo. He joined the Japanese talent agency, Johnny & Associates at the age of 12. Former member of KAT-TUN under Starto Entertainment. He was drafted as a member and co-lead vocalist of the popular J-pop group KAT-TUN in 2001. He is also one half of the temporary group, Shūji to Akira, whose only single "Seishun Amigo" became the best-selling single of 2005 in Japan. Individually, he is a popular actor who has played the lead role in several television dramas. Kamenashi announced that he would leave Starto in March 2025, when his contract expired.
Takumi Kobe (神戸 拓光, born February 23, 1985, in Ushiku, Ibaraki) is a Japanese former professional baseball outfielder…Takumi Kobe (神戸 拓光, born February 23, 1985, in Ushiku, Ibaraki) is a Japanese former professional baseball outfielder who played from 2008 to 2013 with the Chiba Lotte Marines in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball.
Kazue Akita (穐田和恵; born February 23, 1985 in Ikeda, Osaka, Japan) is a Japanese singer. She graduated from SDN48 as a…Kazue Akita (穐田和恵; born February 23, 1985 in Ikeda, Osaka, Japan) is a Japanese singer. She graduated from SDN48 as a 1st generation member.
Yuka Motohashi (本橋 由香, Motohashi Yuka; February 23, 1978 – May 31, 2024) was a Japanese actress who was affiliated with…Yuka Motohashi (本橋 由香, Motohashi Yuka; February 23, 1978 – May 31, 2024) was a Japanese actress who was affiliated with Office Matsuda. She came to prominence for starring in the 1996–97 Super Sentai franchise, Gekisou Sentai Carranger.
Shuta Tanaka (田中 秀太, Tanaka Shūta; simply called Shuta (秀太)) is a Japanese retired professional Nippon Professional…Shuta Tanaka (田中 秀太, Tanaka Shūta; simply called Shuta (秀太)) is a Japanese retired professional Nippon Professional Baseball player.
Hiroomi Fujita (藤田 博臣, Fujita Hiroomi; born 23 February 1976) is a Japanese judoka. Fujita is from Goshogawara, Aomori.…Hiroomi Fujita (藤田 博臣, Fujita Hiroomi; born 23 February 1976) is a Japanese judoka. Fujita is from Goshogawara, Aomori. He began judo at the junior high school days and won gold medal at World Junior Championships in 1994, World University Championships in 1996, East Asian Games in 1997, and so on. After graduation from Tokai University, He belonged to Asahi Kasei. Fujita retired in 2000.
Masashi Kawakami (川上 雅史, Kawakami Masashi) (born February 23, 1972, in Tochigi) is a retired boxer from Japan, who…Masashi Kawakami (川上 雅史, Kawakami Masashi) (born February 23, 1972, in Tochigi) is a retired boxer from Japan, who competed for his native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. Japan sent four boxers to the Barcelona Games. Kawakami competed in the Men's Welterweight (– 67 kg) division. He was defeated in his first match by Great Britain's Adrian Dodson after the referee stopped the contest in the third round.
Ryohei Odai (小田井 涼平, Odai Ryōhei; born February 23, 1971 in Konohana-ku, Osaka and raised in Kawanishi, Hyogo)…Ryohei Odai (小田井 涼平, Odai Ryōhei; born February 23, 1971 in Konohana-ku, Osaka and raised in Kawanishi, Hyogo), otherwise known by his mononym Ryohei (涼平, Ryōhei), is a Japanese actor and voice actor probably best known for providing the voice of Orga Sabnak in Gundam Seed and portraying Shuichi Kitaoka/Kamen Rider Zolda in Kamen Rider Ryuki.
Shoko Aida (相田 翔子, Aida Shōko; born 23 February 1970) is a Japanese singer and actress. She was a member of the J-pop…Shoko Aida (相田 翔子, Aida Shōko; born 23 February 1970) is a Japanese singer and actress. She was a member of the J-pop duo Wink, after which she became a solo artist.
Hirohito Gotō (後藤 ひろひと, Gotō Hirohito; born February 23, 1969) is a Japanese director, playwright, and actor. Born in…Hirohito Gotō (後藤 ひろひと, Gotō Hirohito; born February 23, 1969) is a Japanese director, playwright, and actor. Born in Yamagata prefecture, he graduated from Yamagata Prefectural Yamagata East High School and dropped out of Hindi studies from Osaka University of Foreign Studies. In 1987 he joined the theater group Yūkisha. By 1989 he served as the second head of the group and handled nearly all productions. After retiring from Yūkisha in 1996, he worked as a free playwright, and in 1998 created Piper with Kawashita Taiyō of former Gekidan Sotoba Komachi fame. In 2001 he began the Royal Theater. His plays have a reputation for having a unique view of the world as well as for stories of a massive scale. Primary works include Ningen Fūsha (人間風車), Moldman the Bellringer in Dublin (ダブリンの鐘つきカビ人間), and the Big / Bigger / Biggest Biz trilogy.
Norihiro Yokoyama (Japanese: 横山典弘; Born February 23, 1968) is a Japanese jockey. As of August 2026, he is the…Norihiro Yokoyama (Japanese: 横山典弘; Born February 23, 1968) is a Japanese jockey. As of August 2026, he is the second-oldest jockey in Japan to win a Grade I race, after Yutaka Take.
Tetsuya Asano (浅野 哲也, Asano Tetsuya; born February 23, 1967) is a Japanese professional football manager and former…Tetsuya Asano (浅野 哲也, Asano Tetsuya; born February 23, 1967) is a Japanese professional football manager and former player who is the head coach of J3 League club Kagoshima United FC. He also played for the Japan national team.
Naoyuki Tomomatsu (友松 直之, Tomomatsu Naoyuki) (born 1967) is a Japanese film director and screenwriter who has worked in…Naoyuki Tomomatsu (友松 直之, Tomomatsu Naoyuki) (born 1967) is a Japanese film director and screenwriter who has worked in the pink film and horror genres.
Eizo Sakamoto (坂本 英三, Sakamoto Eizō; also credited as さかもと えいぞう Sakamoto Eizō, born February 23, 1964) is a Japanese…Eizo Sakamoto (坂本 英三, Sakamoto Eizō; also credited as さかもと えいぞう Sakamoto Eizō, born February 23, 1964) is a Japanese musician, singer and songwriter who was born in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture. He is most famous for being the lead vocalist of heavy metal band Anthem. In the 1990s he started up the band Animetal which performed heavy metal covers of anime and tokusatsu opening and closing themes. He also was involved with the Anison band JAM Project before reuniting with Anthem. Sakamoto then began a new project called Eizo Japan which is similar to Animetal: more heavy metal covers of theme songs post-disbanding, along with original material.
Takaharu Tezuka (手塚 貴晴, Tezuka Takaharu; born 23 February 1964) is a Japanese architect. In 1994, he and his wife Yui…Takaharu Tezuka (手塚 貴晴, Tezuka Takaharu; born 23 February 1964) is a Japanese architect. In 1994, he and his wife Yui Tezuka founded the Tokyo-based firm Tezuka Architects. Projects by Tezuka Architects include the Roof House, Echigo-Matsunoyama Museum of Natural Science, Fuji Kindergarten and Woods of Net. Their recent awards include Japan Institute of Architects Prize (2009), Association for Children's Environment Design Award (2011), OECD/CELE 4th Compendium of Exemplary Educational Facilities (2011) and a Global Award for Sustainable Architecture (2017).
Hiroyuki Nakamura (中村 ひろゆき, born 23 February 1961) is a Japanese politician who is serving in the House of…Hiroyuki Nakamura (中村 ひろゆき, born 23 February 1961) is a Japanese politician who is serving in the House of Representatives as a representative from the Hokkaido since 2012. He is a member of the Liberal Democratic Party.
Naruhito (born 23 February 1960) is Emperor of Japan. He acceded to the Chrysanthemum Throne on 1 May 2019 following…Naruhito (born 23 February 1960) is Emperor of Japan. He acceded to the Chrysanthemum Throne on 1 May 2019 following the abdication of his father, Akihito. He is the 126th monarch, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign is known as the Reiwa era. Naruhito is the elder son of Emperor Emeritus Akihito and Empress Emerita Michiko. He was born during the reign of his paternal grandfather, Hirohito. He became heir apparent following his father's accession in 1989, and was formally invested as Crown Prince in 1991. He attended Gakushūin schools in Tokyo and later studied history at Gakushuin University and English at Merton College, Oxford. He married the diplomat Masako Owada in 1993. They have one daughter: Aiko, Princess Toshi. Continuing his grandfather's and father's boycott over the enshrinement of convicted war criminals, he has never visited Yasukuni Shrine. He is an advocate in the fields of water policy and water conservation. He was an honorary president of the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics and is a supporter of the World Organization of the Scout Movement.
Masanobu Endō (遠藤 雅伸, Endō Masanobu; born February 23, 1959) is a Japanese game designer, president of Game Studio and…Masanobu Endō (遠藤 雅伸, Endō Masanobu; born February 23, 1959) is a Japanese game designer, president of Game Studio and Mobile & Game Studio, and the director of Digital Games Research Association Japan. He formerly worked for Namco, where he created arcade games and is best known for Xevious and The Tower of Druaga, which were important titles in the scrolling shooter and action role-playing game genres, respectively.
Miki Tori (とり·みき, Tori Miki; born February 23, 1958 in Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan), also known as Micky Bird…Miki Tori (とり·みき, Tori Miki; born February 23, 1958 in Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan), also known as Micky Bird or Mickey Bird, is a Japanese manga artist, character designer, essayist, and screenplay writer. Tori has won multiple awards for his work, including two Seiun Awards (in 1994 for Dai-Hon'ya, and in 1998 for SF Taishō) and one Bungeishunjū Manga Award (in 1995 for Tōku e Ikitai). His pen name was created by mixing up the pronunciation of the kanji making up his real name. He worked as a writer on WXIII: Patlabor the Movie 3. Tori attended Meiji University, majoring in English literature, though he left his studies before receiving a degree. He was a member of the rakugo research club during his time there, and attended at the same time as owarai, tarento, and senpai Masayuki Watanabe. He made his professional debut in 1979 after winning an honorable mention for his story My Alien (ぼくの宇宙人, Boku no Uchūjin) at the 12th Shōnen Champion Rookie Manga Awards, after which he became known mainly for his gag manga such as Kuru Kuru Kurin and Tōku e Ikitai, as well as manga featuring science fiction elements. For many years, his manga appeared in the television guide "TV Bros."
Brother Tom (ブラザー・トム, Burazā Tomu) (born February 23, 1956) is a Japanese singer and tarento. His birth name and former…Brother Tom (ブラザー・トム, Burazā Tomu) (born February 23, 1956) is a Japanese singer and tarento. His birth name and former stage name is Tomu Koyanagi (小栁 富, Koyanagi Tomu), though he also goes by the English-language name of Thomas Akiona Akima Junior (トーマス・アキオナ・アキマ・ジュニア, Tōmasu Akiona Akima Junia). He is the father of two actor sons, Shin and Yu Koyanagi.
Naoki Hyakuta (百田 尚樹, Hyakuta Naoki; born February 23, 1956) is a Japanese novelist, television producer, and…Naoki Hyakuta (百田 尚樹, Hyakuta Naoki; born February 23, 1956) is a Japanese novelist, television producer, and politician. He is the co-founder and leader of the Conservative Party of Japan. He has been a member of the House of Councillors since 2025, after being elected in that year's election. Hyakuta is particularly known for his 2006 novel The Eternal Zero, which was adapted into an eponymous 2013 film. Other books of his, several of which have also been adapted into films, include Bokkusu and Monsuta. From 2013 to 2015, he served as a governor of the public broadcaster NHK. Hyakuta is known for his far-right political views, including his denial of Japanese war crimes before and during World War II, particularly the Nanjing Massacre. According to South Korean media, he also made hateful remarks against Koreans including, "Koreans are scum" and "I want to pick up a sword and go to war with South Korea".
Goro Noguchi (野口 五郎, Noguchi Gorō; born 23 February 1956 in Mino, Gifu) is a Japanese singer and actor. His real name…Goro Noguchi (野口 五郎, Noguchi Gorō; born 23 February 1956 in Mino, Gifu) is a Japanese singer and actor. His real name is Yasushi Sato (佐藤 靖, Satō Yasushi). He debuted as a singer in 1971 and earned a spot on the Kohaku Utagassen in 1972 with his second single, "Aoi Ringo". He got his first number-one hit with "Amai Seikatsu" in 1974, and his second one with his next single, "Shitetsu Ensen" in 1975.
Toshifumi Hinata is a Japanese classical musician and composer. He was born on February 23, 1955, in Tokyo, Japan. He…Toshifumi Hinata is a Japanese classical musician and composer. He was born on February 23, 1955, in Tokyo, Japan. He has composed several albums and composed music for multiple films and television shows including Pavee Lackeen, Long Vacation and Tokyo Love Story.
Satoru Nakajima (Japanese: 中嶋 悟, Hepburn: Nakajima Satoru; born 23 February 1953) is a Japanese former racing driver…Satoru Nakajima (Japanese: 中嶋 悟, Hepburn: Nakajima Satoru; born 23 February 1953) is a Japanese former racing driver and motorsport executive, who competed in Formula One from 1987 to 1991. Born and raised in Okazaki, Aichi, Nakajima began his racing career at the Suzuka Circuit in 1973. He progressed to Japanese Formula Two in 1977, winning a then-record five titles between 1981 and 1986, with 21 victories across 10 seasons. After several appearances in sportscar racing via the World Sportscar Championship and the All Japan Endurance Championship—as well as a season in International Formula 3000—Nakajima signed for Lotus in 1987 to partner Ayrton Senna, becoming the first Japanese driver to compete full-time in Formula One at the Brazilian Grand Prix. He scored his maiden points finish at the following round in San Marino, and achieved a career-best fourth place at the British Grand Prix. Across his remaining two seasons at Lotus, Nakajima scored points finishes at the 1988 Brazilian and 1989 Australian Grands Prix, setting the fastest lap and finishing fourth at the latter. Nakajima moved to Tyrrell in 1990, scoring points finishes in the United States, Italy and his home Grand Prix in Japan. Retaining his seat for his 1991 campaign at Tyrrell under Honda power, Nakajima scored his final points at the season-opening United States Grand Prix, leaving at the end of the season to join Honda's works team project. Nakajima tested the RC100 and related models until 1994, when Honda pulled out of Formula One following the Japanese asset price bubble. Upon retiring from motor racing, Nakajima focused on his Nakajima Racing team, which he had founded in 1984 to privately enter March chassis into the Japanese Formula Two Championship, winning three consecutive titles until 1986. Nakajima won four Formula Nippon Teams' Championship titles between 1999 and 2009, still competing in the newly-formed Super Formula Championship, as well as the Super GT Series. Nakajima's sons Kazuki and Daisuke both became racing drivers, the former also competing in Formula One for Williams from 2007 to 2009.
Shigefumi Mori (森 重文, Mori Shigefumi; born February 23, 1951) is a Japanese mathematician, known for his work in…Shigefumi Mori (森 重文, Mori Shigefumi; born February 23, 1951) is a Japanese mathematician, known for his work in algebraic geometry, particularly in relation to the classification of three-folds. He won the Fields Medal in 1990.
Toshiharu Ikeda (池田敏春, Ikeda Toshiharu) (23 February 1951 – 26 December 2010) was a Japanese film director and…Toshiharu Ikeda (池田敏春, Ikeda Toshiharu) (23 February 1951 – 26 December 2010) was a Japanese film director and screenwriter. He is best known for his films Mermaid Legend (1984) and Evil Dead Trap (1988). Ikeda became involved in filmmaking while still a university student, working as an assistant director for a small independent production company. He joined Nikkatsu in 1974, contributing to multiple Roman Porno movies. He debuted as a director in 1980 with the movie Sukeban Mafia, and later in the same year with Sex Hunter, which the studio criticized for being too rough and vulgar. His latest movie for Nikkatsu was the 1981 Angel Guts: Red Porno. He left the company after the shooting, feeling a lack of support. In 1982 Ikeda joined forces with other directors to found the Director's Company. His first film there was Mermaid Legend (1984), a cult movie that deals with revenge and anti-nuclear sentiment, for which he won Best Director at the 6th Yokohama Film Festival. In 1988 followed Evil Dead Trap, credited with being Japan's first modern horror. During the 90's Ikeda worked less in theatrical films, doing mostly V-Cinema action and erotic films. His latest film was Aki Fukaki (2008), a serious drama and a departure from his usual genre films. Ikeda drowned in 2010 in the sea near Shima in the Mie Prefecture. Speculations arose of the death being a suicide, him having struggled with suicidal thoughts since youth.
Hiroshi Sugimoto (杉本博司, Sugimoto Hiroshi; born 23 February 1948) is a Japanese photographer and architect. He leads the…Hiroshi Sugimoto (杉本博司, Sugimoto Hiroshi; born 23 February 1948) is a Japanese photographer and architect. He leads the Tokyo-based architectural firm New Material Research Laboratory.
Ryudo Uzaki (宇崎 竜童, Uzaki Ryūdō; born February 23, 1946) is a Japanese musician, composer, and actor. His group, the…Ryudo Uzaki (宇崎 竜童, Uzaki Ryūdō; born February 23, 1946) is a Japanese musician, composer, and actor. His group, the Down Town Boogie-Woogie Band, was one of the most prominent 1970s Japanese rock bands. He also composed many of Momoe Yamaguchi's songs with Yoko Aki. Uzaki has also worked as a film composer, providing the scores to such productions as The Miracle of Joe Petrel, Umi e, See You and Shaso. In addition, Uzaki has frequently worked as an actor, and he also directed the 1982 film Saraba aibo, aka So Long, My Partner: Rock Is Sex. He is married to lyricist and actress Yoko Aki.
Juichi Maruyama (born 23 February 1945) is a Japanese alpine skier. He competed in the men's downhill at the 1968…Juichi Maruyama (born 23 February 1945) is a Japanese alpine skier. He competed in the men's downhill at the 1968 Winter Olympics.
Toshiyuki Takamiya (高宮利行, Takamiya Toshiyuki; born 23 February 1944) is a Japanese academic and author. He is an…Toshiyuki Takamiya (高宮利行, Takamiya Toshiyuki; born 23 February 1944) is a Japanese academic and author. He is an authority on medieval English literature and medieval English manuscript studies and a collector of antiquarian books. As Director of Keio University's Humanities Media Interface Project (HUMI) he has led the digital documentation, facsimile reproduction, and distribution of many medieval books and manuscripts including the Gutenberg Bible and Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. He is an Emeritus Professor at Keio University since 2009.
Ryōji Akiyama (秋山 亮二, Akiyama Ryōji; born 1942) is a Japanese photographer known for his work in Tsugaru and New York.…Ryōji Akiyama (秋山 亮二, Akiyama Ryōji; born 1942) is a Japanese photographer known for his work in Tsugaru and New York. He has also written about photography.
Tsuyoshi Hasegawa (長谷川 毅, Hasegawa Tsuyoshi; born 23 February 1941) is a Japanese-American historian specializing in…Tsuyoshi Hasegawa (長谷川 毅, Hasegawa Tsuyoshi; born 23 February 1941) is a Japanese-American historian specializing in modern Russian and Soviet history and the relations between Russia, Japan, and the United States. He taught at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he was director of the Cold War Studies program until his retirement in 2016. Hasegawa was born in Tokyo and received his undergraduate education at Tokyo University. He studied international relations and Soviet history at University of Washington, where he earned his doctoral degree in 1969. He became a naturalized American citizen in 1976. Among his awards and fellowships are Fulbright-Hays Research Abroad (1976–77), NEH grant (2002–03), SSRC grant (2002–03), Rockefeller Belagio Center Fellowship (2011), and a Fulbright Fellowship (2012). He is known for Racing the Enemy: Stalin, Truman, and the Surrender of Japan (2005), a study of diplomacy and the end of the allied war against Japan. The book won the 2005 Robert Ferrell Award from the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations (SHAFR). Hasegawa's research also includes the political and social history of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and of Japanese–Soviet relations.