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Arai Kentarō (荒井 賢太郎; 25 November 1863 – 29 January 1938) was a politician and cabinet minister in the pre-war Empire…
Arai Kentarō (荒井 賢太郎; 25 November 1863 – 29 January 1938) was a politician and cabinet minister in the pre-war Empire of Japan.
Hirata Moritane (平田 盛胤; 1863-1945) was a Japanese Shinto priest and scholar of kokugaku. He was one of the heirs of the…
Hirata Moritane (平田 盛胤; 1863-1945) was a Japanese Shinto priest and scholar of kokugaku. He was one of the heirs of the legacy of Hirata Atsutane, and during his lifetime was considered a leading figure in Tokyo's system of Shinto shrines.
Baron Yamashita Gentarō (山下 源太郎; 30 July 1863 – 18 February 1931) was an admiral in the early Imperial Japanese Navy.
Kiyozawa Manshi (清沢 満之; 1863–1903) was a Japanese Shin Buddhist thinker, academic and reformer of the Ōtani-ha branch.…
Kiyozawa Manshi (清沢 満之; 1863–1903) was a Japanese Shin Buddhist thinker, academic and reformer of the Ōtani-ha branch. He is one of the most influential figures of Shin Buddhist modernism, known for his articulation of the philosophy of Seishinshugi (精神主義), which can be translated as “Cultivating Spirituality.” Seishinshugi thought prioritized personal religious experience and was influenced by Western philosophies like religious existentialism, Hegel and Stoicism.
Hayakawa Senkichirō (早川 千吉郎; 5 August 1863 – 14 October 1922) was a bureaucrat, politician and entrepreneur in late…
Hayakawa Senkichirō (早川 千吉郎; 5 August 1863 – 14 October 1922) was a bureaucrat, politician and entrepreneur in late Meiji and early Taishō period Empire of Japan. He is noted for his involvement in the development of the South Manchurian Railway.
Baron Hideyoshi Arimatsu (有松 英義; 10 June 1863 – 24 October 1927) was a member of House of Peers (Japan) and a…
Baron Hideyoshi Arimatsu (有松 英義; 10 June 1863 – 24 October 1927) was a member of House of Peers (Japan) and a bureaucrat acted as Director-General of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau, Minister of Colonial Affairs, and the Head of Cabinet Pension Bureau during the 18th cabinet of military regime Terauchi Masatake (寺内正毅).
Sadatarō Hiraoka (Japanese: 平岡定太郎; 19 July 1863 – 26 August 1942)was the third Director of Karafuto Prefecture (11 June…
Sadatarō Hiraoka (Japanese: 平岡定太郎; 19 July 1863 – 26 August 1942)was the third Director of Karafuto Prefecture (11 June 1908 – 3 June 1914), and the 17th governor of Fukushima Prefecture (1906–1908). He was from Harima Province, and was a graduate of Tokyo Imperial University. Yukio Mishima was his grandchild.
Mitsutarō Shirai (白井 光太郎; also styled 'Kōtarō' Shirai, 1863-1932) was a Japanese plant pathologist, mycologist, and…
Mitsutarō Shirai (白井 光太郎; also styled 'Kōtarō' Shirai, 1863-1932) was a Japanese plant pathologist, mycologist, and herbalist. He was the first president of the Phytopathology Society of Japan and emeritus professor of plant pathology, College of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo. He worked closely together with the German mycologist P. Hennings in the identification of fungi. In commemoration of his contribution, two fungi genera were named after his family name, i.e. Shiraia P. Henn. and Shiraiella Hara and more than a dozen of species were named after him. He also published about 50 fungi species, either by himself or in cooperation with other mycologists. Shirai made great contributions to Japanese mycology and plant pathology at his time. He is also known for his contributions to the history of natural studies in Japan using his private collection of traditional Japanese and Chinese manuscripts and books. His Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) is now part of the Omori Collection of the Kyoto Botanical Garden.
Nishikubo Hiromichi (西久保弘道, Hiromichi Nishikubo; 30 June 1863 – 8 July 1930) was a Japanese bureaucrat, politician, and…
Nishikubo Hiromichi (西久保弘道, Hiromichi Nishikubo; 30 June 1863 – 8 July 1930) was a Japanese bureaucrat, politician, and kendo master, who served as Governor of Fukushima Prefecture (1910–1913), Director-General of the Hokkaido Agency (1914–1915), Superintendent-General of the Metropolitan Police (1915–1916), Mayor of Tokyo (1926–1927), and a member of the House of Peers (1916–1930).
Machida Chūji (町田忠治; 17 May 1863 – 12 November 1946) was a politician and cabinet minister in the pre-war Empire of…
Machida Chūji (町田忠治; 17 May 1863 – 12 November 1946) was a politician and cabinet minister in the pre-war Empire of Japan.
Yamagiwa Katsusaburō (山極 勝三郎; 23 February 1863 – 2 March 1930) was a Japanese pathologist who carried out pioneering…
Yamagiwa Katsusaburō (山極 勝三郎; 23 February 1863 – 2 March 1930) was a Japanese pathologist who carried out pioneering work into the causes of cancer, and was the first to demonstrate chemical carcinogenesis. He was a 7-time Nobel Prize nominee.
Tokutomi Sohō (徳富 蘇峰; Japanese pronunciation: [to.kɯ̥.toꜜ.mʲi | soꜜ.hoː], March 14 1863 – November 2 1957), born…
Tokutomi Sohō (徳富 蘇峰; Japanese pronunciation: [to.kɯ̥.toꜜ.mʲi | soꜜ.hoː], March 14 1863 – November 2 1957), born Tokutomi Iichirō (徳富 猪一郎), was a Japanese journalist, publisher and historian. He advocated commoner Europeanism and Europeanization, established Min'yūsha, and launched the magazines Kokumin no Tomo and the newspaper Kokumin Shimbun. He was the older brother of noted author, Tokutomi Roka.
Okakura Kakuzō (岡倉 覚三; February 14, 1863 – September 2, 1913), also known as Okakura Tenshin (岡倉 天心), was a Japanese…
Okakura Kakuzō (岡倉 覚三; February 14, 1863 – September 2, 1913), also known as Okakura Tenshin (岡倉 天心), was a Japanese scholar and art critic who in the era of Meiji Restoration reform promoted a critical appreciation of traditional forms, customs and beliefs. Outside Japan, he is chiefly renowned for The Book of Tea: A Japanese Harmony of Art, Culture, and the Simple Life (1906). Written in English, and in the wake of the Russo-Japanese War, it decried Western caricaturing of the Japanese, and of Asians more generally, and expressed the fear that Japan gained respect only to the extent that it adopted the barbarities of Western militarism.
Norikichi Oshikawa (押川 則吉, Oshikawa Norikichi; 7 February 1863 – 18 February 1918) was a Japanese politician. He was…
Norikichi Oshikawa (押川 則吉, Oshikawa Norikichi; 7 February 1863 – 18 February 1918) was a Japanese politician. He was born in Kagoshima Prefecture. He was governor of Yamagata Prefecture (1897–1898), Ōita Prefecture (1898–1899), Nagano Prefecture (1899–1902), Iwate Prefecture (1904–1907) and Kumamoto Prefecture (1907–1908). He was a member of the Government-General of Taiwan. He was a recipient of the Order of the Rising Sun and the Order of the Sacred Treasure.
Heitarō Takenouchi (竹内平太郎, Takenouchi Heitarō; February 6, 1863 – December 21, 1933) was a Japanese rear admiral during…
Heitarō Takenouchi (竹内平太郎, Takenouchi Heitarō; February 6, 1863 – December 21, 1933) was a Japanese rear admiral during the Russo-Japanese War who commanded the Nisshin and successfully delivered the Kasuga and Nisshin from Genoa to Yokosuka.
Takeda Hideo (武田 秀雄; November 16, 1863 – February 16, 1942) was a vice admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy. In…
Takeda Hideo (武田 秀雄; November 16, 1863 – February 16, 1942) was a vice admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy. In retirement he served as President of Mitsubishi Shipbuilding and of Mitsubishi Electric.
Viscount Shin'ichirō Kurino (栗野 慎一郎, Kurino Shin'ichirō; 29 November 1851 – 15 November 1937) was a Japanese diplomat.…
Viscount Shin'ichirō Kurino (栗野 慎一郎, Kurino Shin'ichirō; 29 November 1851 – 15 November 1937) was a Japanese diplomat. Kurino was born in Fukuoka prefecture. He studied at Harvard University, and then worked in the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He served as Japan's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States of America, an Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Russia, and Ambassador to France. Kurino died in Hayama, Kanagawa.
Isawa Shūji (伊澤 修二; 30 June 1851 – 3 May 1917) was a Japanese educator of the Meiji period.
Yusuke Hashiba (羽柴 雄輔, Hashiba Yūsuke; 22 June 1851 – 5 December 1921) was a Japanese archaeologist, historian and…
Yusuke Hashiba (羽柴 雄輔, Hashiba Yūsuke; 22 June 1851 – 5 December 1921) was a Japanese archaeologist, historian and anthropologist. He was an expert in the Edo period of the samurai, and was also particularly knowledgeable about Japanese folklore, in which he has been referenced in several publications. From the 1880s he was much involved with the Anthropological Association in Tokyo, publishing a number of works, and was one of the founders of the Ou Anthropological Association in November 1890.
Tōyama Shinaemon (Japanese: 遠山 品右衛門; 1851–1920) was a Japanese hunter and mountain guide. He was also a master angler.
Senshō Murakami (村上専精, 1 May 1851 – 31 October 1929) was a Meiji period Buddhist scholar and Jodo Shinshu priest. He…
Senshō Murakami (村上専精, 1 May 1851 – 31 October 1929) was a Meiji period Buddhist scholar and Jodo Shinshu priest. He famously introduced Western scholarship on Buddhism to Japan, and because of this was forced to resign from the Japanese Buddhist priesthood. However, ten years later he was reinstated into the priesthood. He belonged to the Ōtani-ha branch of Shin Buddhism.
Hattori Ichizo (Japanese: 服部 一三, Hepburn: Hattori Ichizō; 13 March 1851 – 25 January 1929) was a Japanese politician…
Hattori Ichizo (Japanese: 服部 一三, Hepburn: Hattori Ichizō; 13 March 1851 – 25 January 1929) was a Japanese politician who served as governor of Hiroshima Prefecture from July to December 1898. He was also governor of Iwate Prefecture (1891–1898), Nagasaki Prefecture (1898–1900) and Hyōgo Prefecture (1900–1916). He was the first president of the Seismological Society of Japan (1880–1882), as well as president of Kyoritsu Women's University (1886–1891). He was on the faculty of the University of Tokyo and Kyoto University.
Baron Iwasaki Yanosuke (岩崎 彌之助; February 8, 1851 – March 25, 1908) was a Japanese banker, businessman, investor, and…
Baron Iwasaki Yanosuke (岩崎 彌之助; February 8, 1851 – March 25, 1908) was a Japanese banker, businessman, investor, and politician. After his brother Yataro's death in 1885, he succeeded to the presidency of Mitsubishi, one of Japan's largest conglomerates (zaibatsu). He served as the 4th Governor of the Bank of Japan (BOJ). He was created a Baron in 1900, and he was a member of Japan's House of Peers.
Terada Yushi (27 January 1851 – 14 March 1917) was a Japanese politician who served as governor of Tottori Prefecture…
Terada Yushi (27 January 1851 – 14 March 1917) was a Japanese politician who served as governor of Tottori Prefecture (1901–1906), Okayama Prefecture (1906–1908), Miyagi Prefecture (1908–1913) and Hiroshima Prefecture from February 1913 to April 1916.
Nakahara Nantenbō (中原 南天棒; April 3, 1839 – February 12, 1925), also known as Tōjū Zenchū, Tōshū Zenchū 鄧州全忠, and as…
Nakahara Nantenbō (中原 南天棒; April 3, 1839 – February 12, 1925), also known as Tōjū Zenchū, Tōshū Zenchū 鄧州全忠, and as Nantenbō Tōjū, was a Japanese Zen Master. In his time known as a fiery reformer, he was also a prolific and accomplished artist. He produced many fine examples of Zen Art and helped bridge the gap between older forms of Zen Buddhist art and its continuation in the 20th century.
Takasago Uragorō (Japanese: 高砂 浦五郎; born Inosuke Yamasaki (山崎 伊之助, Yamasaki Inosuke), November 20, 1838 – April 8…
Takasago Uragorō (Japanese: 高砂 浦五郎; born Inosuke Yamasaki (山崎 伊之助, Yamasaki Inosuke), November 20, 1838 – April 8, 1900) was a Japanese sumo wrestler from Yamabe District, Kazusa Province (now Tōgane, Chiba Prefecture). His highest rank was maegashira 1. Although he never reached a high rank in professional sumo, Takasago is a personality known for having led the first social movements of sumo wrestlers in Japan and for having founded the eponymous stable which is still active and still bears his name.
Takeda Ayasaburō (武田 斐三郎; November 4, 1827 - January 28, 1880), was a Japanese Rangaku scholar, and the architect of…
Takeda Ayasaburō (武田 斐三郎; November 4, 1827 - January 28, 1880), was a Japanese Rangaku scholar, and the architect of the fortress of Goryōkaku in Hokkaidō. Takeda was born in the Ōzu Domain (modern-day Ōzu, Ehime) in 1827. He studied medicine, Western sciences (rangaku), navigation, military architecture. He was a student of Ogata Kōan and Sakuma Shōzan. In 1854 he was ordered to the island of Hokkaidō to reinforce the military infrastructure. He built the fortresses of Goryōkaku and Benten Daiba between 1854 and 1866, using Dutch books on military architecture, and also established a school. He also practiced sailing with the Hakodate Maru, one of Japan's first Western-style sailing ship, together with his students. He sailed to Russia with the ship, and engaged in some exchanges.
Oguri Kozukenosuke (Oguri Tadamasa, 16 July 1827 – 27 May 1868) was a statesman of the Tokugawa government in the last…
Oguri Kozukenosuke (Oguri Tadamasa, 16 July 1827 – 27 May 1868) was a statesman of the Tokugawa government in the last stage of the Edo period, and he is often regarded as a rival of Katsu Kaishu. At the time when the power of the Tokugawa government was diminishing, he took the posts of finance magistrate twice, and that of the foreign magistrate once. Also, he decided to construct the first arsenal in Japan (Yokosuka arsenal), and this decision contributed to the Meiji Restoration.
Senbon Hisanobu (13 July 1827 – 15 October 1885) was a Japanese politician of the early Meiji period who served as…
Senbon Hisanobu (13 July 1827 – 15 October 1885) was a Japanese politician of the early Meiji period who served as governor of Hiroshima Prefecture from 15 to 27 November 1871.
Kawakami Tōgai, originally Hiroshi (Japanese:川上 冬崖; 22 July 1828, Nagano Prefecture - 3 May 1881, Atami) was a Japanese…
Kawakami Tōgai, originally Hiroshi (Japanese:川上 冬崖; 22 July 1828, Nagano Prefecture - 3 May 1881, Atami) was a Japanese painter; one of the first to work in the yōga (Western) style.
Ankō Asato (安里 安恒, Asato Ankō; Azato Yasutsune in Japanese, 1827 – 1906) was a Ryūkyūan master of karate. He and Ankō…
Ankō Asato (安里 安恒, Asato Ankō; Azato Yasutsune in Japanese, 1827 – 1906) was a Ryūkyūan master of karate. He and Ankō Itosu were the two main karate masters who taught Gichin Funakoshi, the founder of Shotokan karate. Not much is known about him, and most information on him comes from Funakoshi. Many articles contain information about Asato, but the relevant parts are clearly based on Funakoshi's descriptions of him. Funakoshi first met Asato when he was a schoolmate of Asato's son; he called Asato "one of Okinawa's greatest experts in the art of karate." According to Funakoshi, Asato's family belonged to the Tunchi (殿内) class (hereditary town and village chiefs), and held authority in the village of Asato, halfway between Shuri and Naha, and he was not only a master of karate, but also skilled at riding horses, Jigen-ryū kendō (swordsmanship), archery, and an exceptional scholar. In a 1934 article, Funakoshi noted that Asato and Itosu had studied karate together under Sōkon Matsumura. He also related how Asato and Itosu once overcame a group of 20–30 attackers, and how Asato set a trap for troublemakers in his home village. In his 1956 autobiography, Funakoshi recounted several stories about Asato, including Asato's political astuteness in following the government order to cut off the traditional men's topknot; Asato's defeat of Yōrin Kanna, in which the unarmed Asato prevailed despite Kanna being armed with an unblunted blade; his demonstration of a single-point punch (ippon-ken); and Asato and Itosu's friendly arm-wrestling matches.
Koyata Katsugorō (Japanese: 小谷田 勝五郎; 1815–1869) was a Japanese farmer who claimed to be able to recall one of his past…
Koyata Katsugorō (Japanese: 小谷田 勝五郎; 1815–1869) was a Japanese farmer who claimed to be able to recall one of his past lives. He was studied by the kokugaku scholar Hirata Atsutane in the course of his research into the afterlife.
Peter Kasui Kibe, SJ (Japanese: ペトロ・カスイ岐部, romanized: Petoro Kasui Kibe; born Kibe Shigekatsu, 岐部 茂勝; 1587 – 4 July…
Peter Kasui Kibe, SJ (Japanese: ペトロ・カスイ岐部, romanized: Petoro Kasui Kibe; born Kibe Shigekatsu, 岐部 茂勝; 1587 – 4 July 1639) was a Jesuit who was one of the first Japanese people to visit major cities west of his native Japan, such as Rome and Jerusalem. He was killed in 1639 and beatified as a martyr in 2008.