Ichimaru (市丸), born Matsue Goto (後藤 まつゑ, Gotō Matsue; July 16, 1906 – February 17, 1997), was a popular Japanese…Ichimaru (市丸), born Matsue Goto (後藤 まつゑ, Gotō Matsue; July 16, 1906 – February 17, 1997), was a popular Japanese recording artist and geisha. Her rivalry with another popular geisha singer, Katsutaro Kouta, created the "Katsu-Ichi Era" in Japanese music history.
Nangō Mochifumi (南郷 茂章, Mochifumi Nangō; 1 July 1906 – 18 July 1938) was an officer and ace fighter pilot in the…Nangō Mochifumi (南郷 茂章, Mochifumi Nangō; 1 July 1906 – 18 July 1938) was an officer and ace fighter pilot in the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the Second Sino-Japanese War. In action in the war, Nangō was officially credited with destroying eight enemy aircraft. Nangō graduated from the Naval Academy Etajima in 1927 and completed flight training in November 1932. After a tour of duty with the aircraft carrier Akagi's fighter group, he spent two years in London as the assistant naval attaché in the Japanese embassy. After returning to Japan, Nangō was posted to the 13th Air Group in October 1937 soon after the outbreak of renewed hostilities with China. In a single engagement over Nanking on 2 December 1937, he was credited with destroying two Chinese aircraft. Later that month, Nangō was assigned as a division commander in the carrier Sōryū's fighter group. In July 1938, Nangō assumed command of the 15th Air Group, based in Anqing. He led his fighter group in air operations supporting ground forces around Hankow and protecting shipping in the Yangtze River. Unsanitary conditions at Anqing contributed to ill health in many of the 15th's pilots, including Nangō, but he refused to be taken off flying duty. On 18 July 1938, he was killed during an aerial battle when his aircraft collided with a Chinese Polikarpov I-15 fighter flown by Soviet volunteer Valentin Dudonov. Nangō's death in battle was widely publicized in Japan and his funeral was attended by the vice minister of the navy, Isoroku Yamamoto.
Yoshimi Ueda (植田義巳, Ueda Yoshimi) (June 28, 1906 in Tokyo, Japan – November 9, 1996 in Tokyo, Japan) was a Japanese…Yoshimi Ueda (植田義巳, Ueda Yoshimi) (June 28, 1906 in Tokyo, Japan – November 9, 1996 in Tokyo, Japan) was a Japanese basketball player and administrator. As a player, he represented Tokyo Shoka University from 1928 to 1934, winning two All-Japanese Championships. He was a member of the Japanese Olympic Committee from 1959, member of the FIBA Central Board (1959–1989) and one of the founders and member of the Central Board of the Asian Basketball Confederation (now FIBA Asia) (1960–1989). In 1994, he was awarded the FIBA Order of Merit. In 2007, he was enshrined as a contributor in the FIBA Hall of Fame.
Ōtsuki Takeji (Japanese: 大槻武二; 1906–2004) was the founder of the third largest independent Japanese church, known as…Ōtsuki Takeji (Japanese: 大槻武二; 1906–2004) was the founder of the third largest independent Japanese church, known as the Holy Ecclesia of Jesus (or Sei Iesu Kai, 聖イエス会). Ōtsuki was born in Ayabe City in 1906, and as a young man converted to Christianity while a student at Dōshisha Middle school, a private mission school in Kyoto. Ōtsuki was attracted to the faith through the evangelistic preaching of Kanamori Michinori during the daily chapel program and went on to receive baptism. Dissatisfied with Dōshisha's "liberal and socialistic" form of Christianity, Ōtsuki found his way into the Japan Holiness Church in 1930. Ōtsuki completed his theological training at the Holiness Bible Seminary in Tokyo and engaged in evangelistic work in several locations around Japan before accepting appointment as a missionary to Manchuria in 1936. It was while serving as a Holiness missionary in Manchuria that Ōtsuki had a "direct encounter with the living Christ," life-transforming experience that was to become the foundation of his independent ministry. While praying in preparation for the New Year Convention (the first Seikai 聖会 or revival meeting of the year) and asking God to send him a guiding motto, he was presented with the words of Jesus from there Sermon on the Mount, "Blessed are the pure of heart for they shall see God." Ōtsuki explains that his belief in God was beyond question, even though he had never seen God.
Fuji Okamoto (岡本 不二, Okamoto Fuji; July 4, 1905 in Nagoya, Aichi, Japan – January 4, 1984) was a Japanese boxer who…Fuji Okamoto (岡本 不二, Okamoto Fuji; July 4, 1905 in Nagoya, Aichi, Japan – January 4, 1984) was a Japanese boxer who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics. In 1928 he was eliminated in the second round of the bantamweight class after losing his fight to Frank Traynor of Ireland.
Tatsuzō Ishikawa (Japanese: 石川 達三, Ishikawa Tatsuzō; July 2, 1905 – January 31, 1985) was a Japanese writer. He was the…Tatsuzō Ishikawa (Japanese: 石川 達三, Ishikawa Tatsuzō; July 2, 1905 – January 31, 1985) was a Japanese writer. He was the first winner of the Akutagawa Prize.
Junichi Yoda (与田凖一, Yoda Jun'ichi; June 25, 1905 in Fukuoka – February 3, 1997) was a Japanese poet and a leading…Junichi Yoda (与田凖一, Yoda Jun'ichi; June 25, 1905 in Fukuoka – February 3, 1997) was a Japanese poet and a leading figure among Japanese authors of children's books during the Shōwa period.
Kunio Itō (Japanese: 伊藤圀夫, Hepburn: Itō Kunio; 15 September 1904 – 21 December 1994), known by the stage name Koreya…Kunio Itō (Japanese: 伊藤圀夫, Hepburn: Itō Kunio; 15 September 1904 – 21 December 1994), known by the stage name Koreya Senda (千田是也, Senda Koreya), was a Japanese theatre director, playwright, translator, and actor. He is known for founding the Haiyuza Theatre Company, and translating and directing the works of Bertolt Brecht in post-World War II Japan. He appeared in more than 50 films between 1936 and 1970.
Hideo Oguni (小国 英雄, Oguni Hideo; 9 July 1904 – 5 February 1996) was a Japanese writer who wrote over 100 screenplays.…Hideo Oguni (小国 英雄, Oguni Hideo; 9 July 1904 – 5 February 1996) was a Japanese writer who wrote over 100 screenplays. He is best known for co-writing screenplays for a number of films directed by Akira Kurosawa, including Ikiru (1952), Seven Samurai (1954), Throne of Blood (1957), and The Hidden Fortress (1958).
Kōyō Ishikawa (石川 光陽, Ishikawa Kōyō; July 5, 1904 – December 26, 1989) was a Japanese photographer. As an officer of…Kōyō Ishikawa (石川 光陽, Ishikawa Kōyō; July 5, 1904 – December 26, 1989) was a Japanese photographer. As an officer of the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department, he was one of the few known photographers of the immediate aftermath of the U.S. bombings of Tokyo in World War II, since strict regulations prohibited civilians from taking pictures of war damage.
Tadao Takayama (高山 忠雄, Takayama Tadao; June 24, 1904 – July 1, 1980) was a Japanese football player. He played for the…Tadao Takayama (高山 忠雄, Takayama Tadao; June 24, 1904 – July 1, 1980) was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. He was also educator, namely principal of Hyogo Prefectural Kobe High School, professor at Mukogawa Women's University and superintendent of education of Takarazuka City.
Yoshirō Taniguchi (谷口 吉郎, Taniguchi Yoshirō; 24 June 1904 – 2 February 1979) was a Japanese architect. He was born in…Yoshirō Taniguchi (谷口 吉郎, Taniguchi Yoshirō; 24 June 1904 – 2 February 1979) was a Japanese architect. He was born in the city of Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. He was a graduate of Tokyo University Department of Architecture and professor at Tokyo Institute of Technology from 1929–1965. As an architect, he created over 50 buildings and 10 memorials and participated in many professional activities as a statesman of Japanese modern architecture. “Yoshirō Taniguchi must be regarded as one of the most widely known, and, in the best sense, popular architects in Japan. Taniguchi is also well known for his writings and has made a name for himself as a designer of tombs, monuments and memorials which are all exquisite in themselves and suited to their surroundings.”
Hideo Aragaki (荒垣 秀雄, Aragaki Hideo; July 19, 1903 – July 8, 1989) was a Japanese newspaperman and a columnist in the…Hideo Aragaki (荒垣 秀雄, Aragaki Hideo; July 19, 1903 – July 8, 1989) was a Japanese newspaperman and a columnist in the Showa era. He was known for writing essays in the Tensei Jingo of Asahi Shimbun for 17 years.
Michio Takeyama (竹山 道雄, Takeyama Michio; 17 July 1903 – 15 June 1984) was a Japanese writer, literary critic and…Michio Takeyama (竹山 道雄, Takeyama Michio; 17 July 1903 – 15 June 1984) was a Japanese writer, literary critic and scholar of German literature, active in Shōwa period Japan.
Ayame Mizushima (水島 あやめ, Mizushima Ayame; 17 June 1903 – 31 December 1990) was a Japanese novelist and screenwriter…Ayame Mizushima (水島 あやめ, Mizushima Ayame; 17 June 1903 – 31 December 1990) was a Japanese novelist and screenwriter, commonly referred to as the first woman to have received on screen credit in Japan.
Yanosuke Otsuka (大塚弥之助) (11 July 1903 – 7 August 1950) was a Japanese geologist and professor. Yanosuke Otsuka was born…Yanosuke Otsuka (大塚弥之助) (11 July 1903 – 7 August 1950) was a Japanese geologist and professor. Yanosuke Otsuka was born in Nihonbashi, Tokyo on 11 July 1903. He went to the Junior High School attached to Tokyo Higher Normal School (東京高等師範学校付属中学校), and after that to Shizuoka High School (静岡高校). For his undergraduate studies, he entered the Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, where he graduated in 1929. While he was student, he learned the methods of historical geology from Yoshiaki Ozawa, topography from Taro Tsujimura (辻村太郎), and Cenozoic biological stratigraphy from Shigeyasu Tokunaga. After graduation, he entered the Earthquake Research Institute as an assistant in 1930, becoming an associate professor in 1939 and a professor in 1943. He made significant contributions in characterizing the surface faults in the circum-Pacific area, effects of tsunamis, tectonics of crustal movements, taxonomy of molluscs, paleoclimatology, mapping of Cenozoic strata, and the Tertiary history of the Japanese islands. He died prematurely from pulmonary tuberculosis on 7 August 1950, at the age of 47, because effective antimicrobial therapy was not yet available in Japan at the time. In biology, he is known for the Otsuka similarity coefficient (also known as Otsuka-Ochiai or Ochiai coefficient), which can be represented as: K = | A ∩ B | | A | × | B | {\displaystyle K={\frac {|A\cap B|}{\sqrt {|A|\times |B|}}}} Here, A {\displaystyle A} and B {\displaystyle B} are sets, and | A | {\displaystyle |A|} is the number of elements in A {\displaystyle A} . If sets are represented as bit vectors, the Otsuka similarity coefficient can be seen to be the same as the cosine similarity. In a recent book, the Otsuka similarity coefficient is misattributed to another Japanese researcher with the family name Otsuka. The confusion arises because in 1957 Akira Ochiai attributes the coefficient only to Otsuka (no first name mentioned) by citing an article by Ikuso Hamai (Japanese: 浜井 生三), who in turn cites the original 1936 article by Yanosuke Otsuka.
Kanematsu Yamada (山田 兼松, September 16, 1903 – August 27, 1977) was a Japanese long-distance runner. He competed in the…Kanematsu Yamada (山田 兼松, September 16, 1903 – August 27, 1977) was a Japanese long-distance runner. He competed in the 1928 Olympics marathon, finishing in fourth place.
Tomoji Abe (阿部 知二, Abe Tomoji; 26 June 1903 – 23 April 1973) was a Japanese novelist, social critic, humanist, and…Tomoji Abe (阿部 知二, Abe Tomoji; 26 June 1903 – 23 April 1973) was a Japanese novelist, social critic, humanist, and translator of English and American literature. Although he began writing as a modernist, in his later works he represented the intellectual movement in Japanese literature. This movement departed from Japanese traditional thinking and from established forms of narration, which focused on aesthetic values and emotional states of mind (such as appear in the works of Junichiro Tanizaki and Ryunosuke Akutagawa); it also departed from modernist views, which continued to be popular in world literature and in Japan (Japanese modernist writers included Haruo Satō, Sei Ito, Tatsuo Hori, Riichi Yokomitsu and Yasunari Kawabata). Abe's intellectual approach was incompatible with the socio-political atmosphere of Japan in the early Shōwa period (1926–1945), with rising fascism and militarism, and the crusade to preserve Japanese feudal traditions.
Satomu Shimizu (清水 三十六, Shimizu Satomu; June 22, 1903 – February 14, 1967), better known by the pen name of Shūgorō…Satomu Shimizu (清水 三十六, Shimizu Satomu; June 22, 1903 – February 14, 1967), better known by the pen name of Shūgorō Yamamoto (山本 周五郎, Yamamoto Shūgorō), was a Japanese novelist and short-story writer active during the Shōwa period of Japan. He was noted for his popular literature, and is known to have published works under at least fourteen different pen names.
Jiro Horikoshi (堀越 二郎, Horikoshi Jirō; 22 June 1903 – 11 January 1982) was a Japanese aeronautical engineer. He was the…Jiro Horikoshi (堀越 二郎, Horikoshi Jirō; 22 June 1903 – 11 January 1982) was a Japanese aeronautical engineer. He was the chief engineer of several Japanese fighter aircraft designs used during World War II, most notably the Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighter, as well as the NAMC YS-11.
Yoshitora Kawai (Japanese: 川合 義虎; 1902–1923) was a Japanese communist activist involved with many Tokyo-based political…Yoshitora Kawai (Japanese: 川合 義虎; 1902–1923) was a Japanese communist activist involved with many Tokyo-based political groups. Kawai attended Honzan hospital's nurse training school, but moved to Tokyo's Kameido district in September 1920 after being exposed to socialism by a professor, Oka-sensei. He was a member of Gyōminkai (Enlightened People's Society), a communist study group, and joined the Nankatsu Labor Union alongside Tanno Setsu. In March 1923, Kawai created the Tokyo Communist Youth League, the first instance of a Japanese group openly labeling themselves as communists. During the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, Kawai was reported as having rescued three children who had been trapped under a collapsed house. Amidst the chaos of the earthquake's aftermath, he was captured on 2 September 1923, and a few days later, was killed by police in prison during the Kameido Incident.
Colonel Baron Takeichi Nishi (西 竹一, Nishi Takeichi; July 12, 1902 – c. March 22, 1945) was an Imperial Japanese Army…Colonel Baron Takeichi Nishi (西 竹一, Nishi Takeichi; July 12, 1902 – c. March 22, 1945) was an Imperial Japanese Army officer, equestrian show jumper, and Olympic Gold Medalist at the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics. Near the end of the Second World War he commanded the 26th Tank Regiment during the Battle of Iwo Jima and died during the defense of the island.
Shohei Mishina (三品彰英, Mishina Shōhei; 5 July 1902 – 19 December 1971) was a Japanese historian and mythologist…Shohei Mishina (三品彰英, Mishina Shōhei; 5 July 1902 – 19 December 1971) was a Japanese historian and mythologist specializing in the history of Korea and Japan. In 1928, Mishina graduated from the Faculty of History of Literature at Kyoto University. Before World War II he was a professor at Kyoto University and the Imperial Japanese Navy. In 1945, he retired as a professor from the Imperial Navy and began teaching at Ōtani University, where he was appointed professor in 1946. Later he was a professor at Dōshisha University between 1955 and 1960, and after that, he was director of the Osaka City Museum and professor at Bukkyo University. Mishina was a teacher of the historian Hideo Inoue, and since 1960, he maintained in Kansai a Study Group composed of several researchers, about ancient Japanese history.
Takahiko Yamanouchi (山内 恭彦, Yamanouchi Takahiko; July 2, 1902 – October 14, 1986) was a Japanese theoretical physicist…Takahiko Yamanouchi (山内 恭彦, Yamanouchi Takahiko; July 2, 1902 – October 14, 1986) was a Japanese theoretical physicist, known for group theory in quantum mechanics first proposed by Yamanouchi in Japan. Yamanouchi was born in Kanagawa, graduated in physics from the Imperial University of Tokyo in 1926. From 1926 to 1927 he was a research associate at the Imperial University of Tokyo. From 1927 to 1931 he was a professor at the Tokyo Higher School. He joined the faculty of the Imperial University of Tokyo in 1929 as a lecturer of engineering and became a full professor in 1942. He was a professor of physics at the University of Tokyo from 1949 to his retirement in 1963. During 1959–1961 he was the dean of the faculty of science. In 1956 he was awarded the Japan Academy Prize for "application of group theory to the theory of atomic spectra".
Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu (秩父宮雍仁親王, Chichibu-no-miya Yasuhito Shinnō; 25 June 1902 – 4 January 1953) was the second son…Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu (秩父宮雍仁親王, Chichibu-no-miya Yasuhito Shinnō; 25 June 1902 – 4 January 1953) was the second son of Emperor Taishō (Yoshihito) and Empress Teimei (Sadako), a younger brother of Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito) and a general in the Imperial Japanese Army. As a member of the Imperial House of Japan, he was the patron of several sporting, medical, and international exchange organizations. Before and after World War II, the English-speaking prince and his wife attempted to foster good relations between Japan and the United Kingdom and enjoyed a good rapport with the British royal family. As with other Japanese imperial princes of his generation, he was an active-duty career officer in the Imperial Japanese Army. Like all members of the imperial family, he was given immunity from criminal prosecution before the International Military Tribunal for the Far East by Douglas MacArthur.
Sōjō Hino (日野 草城; July 18, 1901 – January 29, 1956) was a Japanese poet. His haiku involved subjects then considered…Sōjō Hino (日野 草城; July 18, 1901 – January 29, 1956) was a Japanese poet. His haiku involved subjects then considered controversial for the form, including erotic sexuality, fictionalized scenarios, and mundane topics outside of nature.
Itoko Koyama (小山 いと子) (born Ito Ikemoto; July 13, 1901 – July 25, 1989) was a Japanese writer. She is best known for…Itoko Koyama (小山 いと子) (born Ito Ikemoto; July 13, 1901 – July 25, 1989) was a Japanese writer. She is best known for her 1956 biography of Empress Kōjun. She was a recipient of both the Fujin Kōron Prize and the Naoki Prize.
Eiji Tsuburaya (Japanese: 円谷 英二, Hepburn: Tsuburaya Eiji; July 7, 1901 – January 25, 1970) was a Japanese special…Eiji Tsuburaya (Japanese: 円谷 英二, Hepburn: Tsuburaya Eiji; July 7, 1901 – January 25, 1970) was a Japanese special effects director, filmmaker, and cinematographer. A co-creator of the Godzilla and Ultraman franchises, he is considered one of the most important and influential figures in the history of cinema. Tsuburaya is known as the "Father of Tokusatsu", having pioneered Japan's special effects industry and introduced several technological developments in film productions. In a career spanning five decades, Tsuburaya worked on approximately 250 films—including globally renowned features directed by Ishirō Honda, Hiroshi Inagaki, and Akira Kurosawa—and earned six Japan Technical Awards. Following a brief stint as an inventor, Tsuburaya was employed by Japanese cinema pioneer Yoshirō Edamasa in 1919 and began his career working as an assistant cinematographer on Edamasa's A Tune of Pity. Thereafter, he worked as an assistant cinematographer on several films, including Teinosuke Kinugasa's A Page of Madness (1926). At the age of thirty-two, Tsuburaya watched King Kong, which greatly influenced him to work in special effects. Tsuburaya completed the first iron shooting crane in October 1934, and an adaptation of the crane is still in use across the globe today. After filming his directorial debut on the cruiser Asama in the Pacific Ocean, he worked on Princess Kaguya (1935), one of Japan's first major films to incorporate special effects. His first majorly successful film in effects, The Daughter of the Samurai (1937), remarkably featured the first full-scale rear projection. In 1937, Tsuburaya was employed by Toho and established the company's effects department. Tsuburaya directed the effects for The War at Sea from Hawaii to Malaya in 1942, which became the highest-grossing Japanese film in history upon its release. His elaborate effects were believed to be behind the film's major success, and he won an award for his work from the Japan Motion Picture Cinematographers Association. In 1948, however, Tsuburaya was purged from Toho by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers because of his involvement in propaganda films during World War II. Thus, he founded Tsuburaya Special Technology Laboratory with his eldest son Hajime and worked without credit at major Japanese studios outside Toho, creating effects for films such as Daiei's The Invisible Man Appears (1949), widely regarded as the first Japanese science fiction film. In 1950, Tsuburaya returned to Toho alongside his effects crew from Tsuburaya Special Technology Laboratory. At age fifty-three, he gained international recognition and won his first Japan Technical Award for Special Skill for directing the effects in Ishirō Honda's kaiju film Godzilla (1954). He served as the effects director for Toho's string of financially successful tokusatsu films that followed, including, Rodan (1956), The Mysterians (1957), The Three Treasures (1959), Mothra, The Last War (both 1961), and King Kong vs. Godzilla (1962). In April 1963, Tsuburaya founded Tsuburaya Special Effects Productions; his company would go onto produce the television shows Ultra Q, Ultraman (both 1966), Ultraseven (1967–1968), and Mighty Jack (1968). Ultra Q and Ultraman were extremely successful upon their 1966 broadcast, with Ultra Q making him a household name in Japan and gaining him more attention from the media who dubbed him the "God of Tokusatsu". While he spent his late years working on several Toho films and operating his company, Tsuburaya's health began to decline, and he died in 1970.
Kaijin Akashi (Japanese: 明石 海人) was the pen name of Shōtarō Noda (野田勝太郎, 5 July 1901 – 9 June 1939), a Japanese poet…Kaijin Akashi (Japanese: 明石 海人) was the pen name of Shōtarō Noda (野田勝太郎, 5 July 1901 – 9 June 1939), a Japanese poet whose writing was inspired by his diagnosis of leprosy and confinement to a leper colony.
Mumon Yamada (山田 無文, Yamada Mumon; July 16, 1900 – December 24, 1988) was a Rinzai roshi, calligrapher, and former…Mumon Yamada (山田 無文, Yamada Mumon; July 16, 1900 – December 24, 1988) was a Rinzai roshi, calligrapher, and former abbot of Shōfuku-ji in Kobe, Japan. Mumon was also the former head of the Myōshin-ji branch of the Rinzai school of Japan. His most prominent student (and Dharma heir) is Shodo Harada of Sōgen-ji, an influential master in both Japan and the United States.
Baron Takaharu Mitsui (三井 高陽, Mitsui Takaharu; 10 July 1900 – 19 May 1983) was a Japanese businessman, scholar and…Baron Takaharu Mitsui (三井 高陽, Mitsui Takaharu; 10 July 1900 – 19 May 1983) was a Japanese businessman, scholar and philatelist. He is considered the "dean of Japanese philately" by many in the philatelic world. He headed one of six main branches of the Mitsui family, of the Mitsui zaibatsu.
Marquis Yoshimaro Yamashina (山階 芳麿, Yamashina Yoshimaro; July 5, 1900 – January 28, 1989) was a Japanese ornithologist.…Marquis Yoshimaro Yamashina (山階 芳麿, Yamashina Yoshimaro; July 5, 1900 – January 28, 1989) was a Japanese ornithologist. He was the founder of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology.
Ukichiro Nakaya (中谷 宇吉郎, Nakaya Ukichirō; July 4, 1900 – April 11, 1962) was a Japanese physicist and science essayist…Ukichiro Nakaya (中谷 宇吉郎, Nakaya Ukichirō; July 4, 1900 – April 11, 1962) was a Japanese physicist and science essayist known for his work in glaciology and low-temperature sciences. He is credited with making the first artificial snowflakes.
Teiso Esaki (江崎 梯三, Esaki Teizō; 15 July 1899 – 14 December 1957) was a Japanese entomologist. He authored numerous…Teiso Esaki (江崎 梯三, Esaki Teizō; 15 July 1899 – 14 December 1957) was a Japanese entomologist. He authored numerous texts and was one of the founders of entomology in Japan, responsible for training a generation of Japanese entomologists, and founding the journal Zephyrus. He published numerous papers on the insects of Micronesia and was especially interested in aquatic insects and erected the family Helotrephidae along with W.E. China. Esaki was born in Tokyo and grew up in Osaka. He went to Seventh Higher School Zoshikan (now Kagoshima University) and went to Tokyo Imperial University (now University of Tokyo) in 1920 and received a Ph.D. in 1930. He worked extensively on the heteroptera and focused on the Micronesian region. From 1923 he taught at the College of Agriculture, Kyushu Imperial University, Fukuoka. He left the next year and lived in Europe for about four and half years during which time he learned to speak German, Hungarian, Italian, French and Esperanto. He worked with Geza Horvath on hemiptera at Budapest; in 1926, he worked at the Zoological Museum of Academy of Sciences of USSR in Leningrad. He married Charlotte Johanna Hermine Witte in Germany in 1928. They moved back to Japan in 1929 and he became a professor of entomology in 1930 at Kyushu University. In 1936 he became director of the Hikosan Biological Laboratory, established by baron Takachiho Nobumaro. His major contribution to entomology was the series Insects of Micronesia. He also founded the Japanese journal Zephyrus. A journal named Esakia was established in his name.
Tadao Watanabe (渡辺 忠雄, Watanabe Tadao; 15 July 1898 – 6 May 1980) was a Japanese politician who served as the Mayor of…Tadao Watanabe (渡辺 忠雄, Watanabe Tadao; 15 July 1898 – 6 May 1980) was a Japanese politician who served as the Mayor of Hiroshima from 1955 to 1959. Watanabe was elected to the House of Representatives in April 1946, but soon after lost his seat due to the purge of Japanese officials by the US occupation authorities. He was able to return to political activity only following the end of the Allied occupation in 1952.
Chiyo Sakakibara (Japanese: 榊原千代; 15 July 1898 – 28 April 1987) was a Japanese journalist, educator and politician. She…Chiyo Sakakibara (Japanese: 榊原千代; 15 July 1898 – 28 April 1987) was a Japanese journalist, educator and politician. She was one of the first group of women elected to the House of Representatives in 1946. In 1948 she was appointed Deputy Secretary of Justice, also becoming the first woman appointed to a cabinet post.
Katsuo Okazaki (岡崎 勝男, Okazaki Katsuo; 10 July 1897 – 10 October 1965) was a Japanese diplomat, politician and…Katsuo Okazaki (岡崎 勝男, Okazaki Katsuo; 10 July 1897 – 10 October 1965) was a Japanese diplomat, politician and sportsman. He served as the Japanese foreign minister in the 1950s. He was also the final – and only Japanese – chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Council.
Luke (Lucas) Hasegawa (9 July 1897 – 3 July 1967) was a Japanese artist and convert to Catholicism who was commissioned…Luke (Lucas) Hasegawa (9 July 1897 – 3 July 1967) was a Japanese artist and convert to Catholicism who was commissioned to paint murals remembering the 26 Martyrs of Nagasaki for the Church of the Holy Japanese Martyrs in Civitavecchia, Italy. He is a graduate of Morning Star (Gyosei) International School in Tokyo. His work is documented in a book titled Each with His Own Brush: Contemporary Christian Art in Asia and Africa by Daniel Johnson Fleming, published by Friendship Press in 1938.
Kaoru Shima (島薫, Shima Kaoru; 2 July 1897 – 16 May 1977) was a Japanese physician. He was the first director of the…Kaoru Shima (島薫, Shima Kaoru; 2 July 1897 – 16 May 1977) was a Japanese physician. He was the first director of the rebuilt Shima Hospital, located at the hypocenter of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. He is known as the "father of the Hiroshima Surgical Society".
Seiichirō Furuta (古田 誠一郎, Furuta Seiichirō; 27 June 1897 – 3 December 1992) was a Japanese social reformer, educator…Seiichirō Furuta (古田 誠一郎, Furuta Seiichirō; 27 June 1897 – 3 December 1992) was a Japanese social reformer, educator, radio and TV personality, and politician from Wakayama city, Wakayama Prefecture. One of the leaders of the Boy Scouts' early days in Japan and the first to be elected mayor of Takatsuki, Osaka, he served as the director of the Scout Association of Japan, as well as executive director of the Japan Camping Federation.
Keizō Komura (古村 啓蔵, Komura Keizō; 20 July 1896 – 7 February 1978) was a Rear Admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy…Keizō Komura (古村 啓蔵, Komura Keizō; 20 July 1896 – 7 February 1978) was a Rear Admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.
Tokuro Konishi (小西 得郎) (July 10, 1894 – June 9, 1977) was a Japanese baseball manager. Konishi played for Nihon…Tokuro Konishi (小西 得郎) (July 10, 1894 – June 9, 1977) was a Japanese baseball manager. Konishi played for Nihon University and Meiji University. He had three stints as manager for the franchise eventually known as the Shochiku Robins, first from 1936 to 1938, when the team was known as Dai Tokyo and then the Lion Baseball Club; then in 1950; and again for part of 1952 when it was known as the Robins. After his first stint as manager with Dai Tokyo/Lion, he managed the Nagoya Baseball Club from 1939 to 1941. Konishi returned to managing in 1950, the first year of the Nippon Professional Baseball. His Robins won 98 games, first in the Central League. They lost the inaugural Japan Series to the Mainichi Orions. He was inducted into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 1971.
Tomi Kōra (Japanese: 高良 とみ, Hepburn: Kōra Tomi; July 1, 1896 – January 17, 1993) was a Japanese psychologist, peace…Tomi Kōra (Japanese: 高良 とみ, Hepburn: Kōra Tomi; July 1, 1896 – January 17, 1993) was a Japanese psychologist, peace activist, and politician. She published under the name Tomiko Kōra (高良 とみ, Kōra Tomiko).
Akira Nobuchi (野淵 昶, Nobuchi Akira, 22 June 1896 - 1 February 1968) was a Japanese stage director and film director. He…Akira Nobuchi (野淵 昶, Nobuchi Akira, 22 June 1896 - 1 February 1968) was a Japanese stage director and film director. He launched the Elan Vital Shōgekijō little theatre in 1918 while he was at Kyoto Imperial University. He stage-managed plays by Anton Chekhov, Arthur Schnitzler, Lord Dunsany, Lady Gregory, John Millington Synge and Sean O'Casey as well as those by Japanese playwrights including Saneatsu Mushanokōji, Ujaku Akita, Masao Kume and Jun'ichirō Tanizaki. Having left the Elan Vital Shōgekijō in 1933, he entered Shinkō Kinema the following year. He made a debut with talkie Nagasaki Ryūgakusei (1935), after which he made more than 30 films until 1955.