Shen Junru (Chinese: 沈钧儒; pinyin: Shěn Jūnrú; Wade–Giles: Shen Chünju; January 2, 1875 – June 11, 1963) was a Chinese…Shen Junru (Chinese: 沈钧儒; pinyin: Shěn Jūnrú; Wade–Giles: Shen Chünju; January 2, 1875 – June 11, 1963) was a Chinese lawyer and politician who was the president of the Supreme People's Court of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. He was also the chairman of the China Democratic League.
Inokichi Kubo (久保 猪之吉, Kubo Inokichi; 26 December 1874 – 12 November 1939) was a Japanese pioneer of…Inokichi Kubo (久保 猪之吉, Kubo Inokichi; 26 December 1874 – 12 November 1939) was a Japanese pioneer of otorhinolaryngology and professor at Fukuoka Medical School (now part of Kyushu University). He graduated from The Medical School of Tokyo Imperial University (東京帝国大学医科大学, Tokyo Teikoku Daigaku Ika Daigaku) in 1900, and went on an overseas study program to Gustav Killian at University of Freiburg in 1903. Four years later he returned to Japan, where he took up the post of professor at Fukuoka Medical School. His wife, Yorie (より江), was a haiku poet from Matsuyama. As Kubo was also a well-known poet, their home in Fukuoka soon became the social center for poets in Northern Kyushu while attracting poets and novelists from afar. One of his patients was the poet Takashi Nagatsuka. Kubo was one of the pioneers of otorhinolaryngology in Japan, and was selected as a representative of his country for the first International Congress of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology at Copenhagen (1913). In 1934 he was awarded the Légion d'honneur. Kubo was famous for his Haiku (俳句)- and Waka (和歌)-poetry, started as a pupil of Kyoshi Takahama. As a poet he found a mentor in Naobumi Ochiai, with Saishu Onoe formed Ikazuchi kai, and created friendship with Byakuren Yanagihara. In February 1913, Kubo began publishing a magazine "Enigma" (『エニグマ』) for his circle of poets and haiku. It was in its May issue that Byakuren Yanagihara contributed her work "Hitou" (『緋桃』) (Himomo, peach flowers in bright pink), and in the same issue, Kubo and his wife also published their workes as well; Inokichi "Aruto Haideruberuku ni tsuite" (『「アルトハイデルベルク」に就いて』) (Thinking about 'Alt-Heidelberg') and Yorie "Tsukushi kudari" (『筑紫下り』) (Sailing down Tsukushi river). There is a small museum at Kyushu University honouring his achievements.
Wada Eisaku (和田英作; December 23, 1874 – January 3, 1959) was a Japanese painter and luminary of the yōga (or…Wada Eisaku (和田英作; December 23, 1874 – January 3, 1959) was a Japanese painter and luminary of the yōga (or Western-style) scene in the late Meiji, Taishō, and Shōwa eras. He was a member of the Japan Art Academy, an Imperial Household Artist, a recipient of the Order of the Sacred Treasure and Order of Culture, an Officier in the Légion d'honneur, and a Person of Cultural Merit.
Hitachiyama Taniemon (常陸山 谷右衞門; January 19, 1874 – June 19, 1922) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Mito…Hitachiyama Taniemon (常陸山 谷右衞門; January 19, 1874 – June 19, 1922) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Mito, Ibaraki Prefecture. He was the sport's 19th yokozuna from 1903 till 1914. His great rivalry with Umegatani Tōtarō II created the "Ume-Hitachi Era" and did much to popularise sumo. He is remembered as much for his exploits in promoting the sport as for his strength on the dohyō. In his later years as head coach of Dewanoumi stable he trained hundreds of wrestlers, including three yokozuna. Many consider him the most honorable yokozuna in sumo history, which earned him the nickname "Kakusei" (角聖), or "sumo saint".
Masatake Morita (森田 正馬, Morita Masatake; 1874–1938), also read as Shōma Morita, was the founder of Morita therapy, a…Masatake Morita (森田 正馬, Morita Masatake; 1874–1938), also read as Shōma Morita, was the founder of Morita therapy, a branch of clinical psychology strongly influenced by Zen Buddhism. In his capacity as the head of psychiatry for a large Tokyo hospital, Morita began developing his methods while working with sufferers of shinkeishitsu, or anxiety disorders with a hypochondriac base.
Namihei Odaira (小平 浪平, Odaira Namihei; January 15, 1874 – October 5, 1951) was a Japanese entrepreneur and…Namihei Odaira (小平 浪平, Odaira Namihei; January 15, 1874 – October 5, 1951) was a Japanese entrepreneur and philanthropist who founded Hitachi.
Bunji Okada (Japanese: 岡田文次; 1 January 1874 – 23 July 1943) was Director of the Karafuto Agency (1914–1916). He was…Bunji Okada (Japanese: 岡田文次; 1 January 1874 – 23 July 1943) was Director of the Karafuto Agency (1914–1916). He was Governor of Tochigi Prefecture (1911–1914). He was a graduate of Tokyo Imperial University.
Usui Kojima (小島 烏水, Kojima Usui; December 29, 1873 – December 13, 1948) was a Japanese author from Yokohama, Japan who…Usui Kojima (小島 烏水, Kojima Usui; December 29, 1873 – December 13, 1948) was a Japanese author from Yokohama, Japan who authored over 20 books. He was also known for amassing a collection of over 900 ukiyo-e prints and establishing Japan's first mountaineering society.
Ichizō Kobayashi (小林 一三, Kobayashi Ichizō; January 3, 1873 – January 25, 1957), occasionally referred to by his…Ichizō Kobayashi (小林 一三, Kobayashi Ichizō; January 3, 1873 – January 25, 1957), occasionally referred to by his pseudonym Itsuō (逸翁), was a Japanese industrialist and politician. He is best known as the founder of Hankyu Railway, the Takarazuka Revue, and Toho. He served as Minister of Commerce and Industry between 1940 and 1941.
Hidesaburō Ueno (上野 英三郎, Ueno Hidesaburō; January 19, 1872 – May 21, 1925) was a Japanese agricultural scientist best…Hidesaburō Ueno (上野 英三郎, Ueno Hidesaburō; January 19, 1872 – May 21, 1925) was a Japanese agricultural scientist best known as the owner of Hachikō, a devoted Akita dog.
Harutaro Murakami (村上 春太郎, Murakami Harutarō) (1872–1947) was a Japanese physicist and astronomer. He is the father of…Harutaro Murakami (村上 春太郎, Murakami Harutarō) (1872–1947) was a Japanese physicist and astronomer. He is the father of the astronomer Tadayoshi Murakami (1907–1985). The crater Murakami on the Moon is named after him.
Takashi Hishikari (菱刈 隆, Hishikari Takashi; 27 December 1871 – 31 July 1952) was a general in the Imperial Japanese…Takashi Hishikari (菱刈 隆, Hishikari Takashi; 27 December 1871 – 31 July 1952) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army.
Sakai Toshihiko (堺 利彦; November 25, 1871 – January 23, 1933) was a Japanese socialist. He advocated opposition to the…Sakai Toshihiko (堺 利彦; November 25, 1871 – January 23, 1933) was a Japanese socialist. He advocated opposition to the Russo-Japanese War, founded the Heiminsha and published the newspaper Heimin Shimbun. He formed the Japan Socialist Party and the Japanese Communist Party, and became the first general secretary of the Japanese Communist Party. His pen name is Saka Kosen (堺枯川). He is also known for his translation with Kōtoku Shūsui.
Yamamoto Shōun (山本 昇雲; December 30, 1870 – May 10, 1965), who is also known as Matsutani Shōun, was a Japanese print…Yamamoto Shōun (山本 昇雲; December 30, 1870 – May 10, 1965), who is also known as Matsutani Shōun, was a Japanese print designer, painter, and illustrator. He was born in the city of Kōchi in Kōchi Prefecture, into a family of retainers of the shōgun and was given the name Mosaburō. As a teenager, he studied Kanō-school painting with Yanagimoto Doso and Kawada Shoryu. At about age 17, he moved to Tokyo, where he studied Nanga painting with Taki Katei. At 20 years of age, he was employed as an illustrator for Fugoku gaho, a pictorial magazine dealing with the sights in and around Tokyo. In his latter career, Shōun primarily produced paintings. He died in 1965, at the age of 96. In addition to his magazine illustrations, Shōun is best known for his woodblock prints of beautiful women and a group of humorous shikishiban (prints about 7 by 8 inches). Shōun is considered a bridge between ukiyo-e and shin-hanga. His career spans the Meiji (1868–1912), Taishō (1912–1926) and Shōwa (1926–1989) periods. Yamamoto Shōun signed most of his works with a very small compact signature reading Shōun (昇雲).
Isamu Takeshita (竹下 勇, Takeshita Isamu; 5 January 1870 – 1 July 1949) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy. He…Isamu Takeshita (竹下 勇, Takeshita Isamu; 5 January 1870 – 1 July 1949) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy. He was also a diplomat whose accomplishments included helping end the Russo-Japanese War favorably for Japan and obtaining former German possessions in the Pacific for Japan following World War I. In addition, he was a patron and practitioner of the Japanese martial arts, especially judo, sumo, and aikido.
Ōzutsu Man'emon (大砲 万右衛門; 30 December 1869 – 27 May 1918) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Shiroishi…Ōzutsu Man'emon (大砲 万右衛門; 30 December 1869 – 27 May 1918) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Shiroishi, Miyagi Prefecture. He was the sport's 18th yokozuna.
Takio Izawa (伊澤 多喜男, Izawa Takio; 26 December 1869 – 13 August 1949) was a Japanese politician of the early 20th…Takio Izawa (伊澤 多喜男, Izawa Takio; 26 December 1869 – 13 August 1949) was a Japanese politician of the early 20th century.
Mataemon Tanabe (田辺 又右衛門, Tanabe Mataemon; 1869–1942) was a Japanese jujutsu practitioner and master of the Fusen-ryū…Mataemon Tanabe (田辺 又右衛門, Tanabe Mataemon; 1869–1942) was a Japanese jujutsu practitioner and master of the Fusen-ryū school. He became famous for defeating multiple members of the Kodokan in challenge matches, and came to be considered one of the greatest modern jujutsuka.
Sukehide Kabayama (樺山 資英, Kabayama Sukehide; 1 January 1868 – 19 March 1941) was a Japanese government official and…Sukehide Kabayama (樺山 資英, Kabayama Sukehide; 1 January 1868 – 19 March 1941) was a Japanese government official and businessman.
Oka Asajirō (丘浅次郎; 18 November 1868–2 May 1944) was a Japanese zoologist and science writer best known for introducing…Oka Asajirō (丘浅次郎; 18 November 1868–2 May 1944) was a Japanese zoologist and science writer best known for introducing Charles Darwin's theory of evolution to a general Japanese audience.
Kitamura Tōkoku (北村 透谷; 29 December 1868 – 16 May 1894) was the pen name of Kitamura Montarō (北村門太郎), a Japanese poet…Kitamura Tōkoku (北村 透谷; 29 December 1868 – 16 May 1894) was the pen name of Kitamura Montarō (北村門太郎), a Japanese poet and essayist. He was one of the founders of the modern Japanese romantic literary movement. Before dawn on 16 May 1894, Tokoku hanged himself in his garden at his home near Shiba Park in Tokyo. His grave is at the temple of Zuisho-ji in Shirokane, Tokyo.
Baron Kantarō Suzuki (鈴木 貫太郎, Suzuki Kantarō; 18 January 1868 – 17 April 1948) was a Japanese politician and admiral…Baron Kantarō Suzuki (鈴木 貫太郎, Suzuki Kantarō; 18 January 1868 – 17 April 1948) was a Japanese politician and admiral who served as prime minister of Japan from 7 April to 17 August 1945, during World War II. He was prime minister at the time of Japan's surrender on 15 August. Born in Osaka, Suzuki graduated from the Naval Academy and Staff College and served in the First Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese Wars. He was promoted to full admiral in 1923 and served as chief of the naval general staff from 1925 to 1929. In 1945, Suzuki was appointed prime minister shortly after the start of the Battle of Okinawa and the resignation of prime minister Kuniaki Koiso. After the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 26 July, which called for Japan's unconditional surrender, Suzuki dismissed it with the word mokusatsu. On 14 August, Suzuki attended the conference at which emperor Hirohito made the decision to surrender over his divided cabinet. Japan surrendered the next day, and Suzuki resigned on 17 August.
Ozaki Kōyō (尾崎 紅葉; January 10, 1868 – October 30, 1903) was a Japanese author and poet. His real name was Ozaki…Ozaki Kōyō (尾崎 紅葉; January 10, 1868 – October 30, 1903) was a Japanese author and poet. His real name was Ozaki Tokutarō (尾崎 徳太郎), and he was also known by various noms de plume including Enzan (縁山) and Tochimandō (十千万堂).
Takejirō Tokonami (床次 竹二郎, Tokonami Takejirō; 6 January 1866 – 8 September 1935) was a Japanese statesman, politician…Takejirō Tokonami (床次 竹二郎, Tokonami Takejirō; 6 January 1866 – 8 September 1935) was a Japanese statesman, politician and cabinet minister in Taishō and early Shōwa period Japan. Tokonami was involved in several government agencies throughout his career, and served in the leadership of different political parties. He was regarded by his contemporaries as a rather opportunistic politician eager for an opportunity to become prime minister.
Kutsumi Tsuneo (九津見雅雄, Kutsumi Tsuneo; December 22, 1866 – July 25, 1943) was a rear admiral in the Imperial Japanese…Kutsumi Tsuneo (九津見雅雄, Kutsumi Tsuneo; December 22, 1866 – July 25, 1943) was a rear admiral in the Imperial Japanese navy. He commanded the Destroyer Ariake and participated in the Battle of Tsushima during the Russo-Japanese War.
Kōjirō Matsukata (松方 幸次郎, Matsukata Kōjirō; January 17, 1865 – June 24, 1950) was a Japanese businessman who, in…Kōjirō Matsukata (松方 幸次郎, Matsukata Kōjirō; January 17, 1865 – June 24, 1950) was a Japanese businessman who, in parallel to his professional activities, devoted his life and fortune to amassing a collection of Western art which, he hoped, would become the nucleus of a Japanese national museum focused particularly on masterworks of the Western art tradition. Although his plans were not realized in his lifetime, his vision is partly realized in Japan's National Museum of Western Art (NMWA) in Ueno Park, central Tokyo. where part of his collection is exhibited.
Raizo Wakabayashi (若林 賚蔵, Wakabayashi Raizō; 14 January 1866 – 27 November 1941) was a Japanese politician who served…Raizo Wakabayashi (若林 賚蔵, Wakabayashi Raizō; 14 January 1866 – 27 November 1941) was a Japanese politician who served as governor of Shimane Prefecture (1908), Nara Prefecture (1909-1913), Yamanashi Prefecture (1913–1914), Saga Prefecture (1914–1915), Kagawa Prefecture (1915–1917), Ehime Prefecture (1917–1919), Hiroshima Prefecture from April 1919 to July 1921 and Kyoto Prefecture (1921–1922). In 1922, he became a member of the House of Peers.
Hayashi Utako (林歌子; January 11, 1865 – March 24, 1946; some sources give 1864 as the birth year) was a Japanese…Hayashi Utako (林歌子; January 11, 1865 – March 24, 1946; some sources give 1864 as the birth year) was a Japanese educator and social worker. As head of the Osaka branch of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, she led campaigns against businesses serving alcohol in 1909, 1912, and 1916. She was also active in the international woman's peace movement.
Asashio Tarō (朝汐 太郎, November 28, 1864 – August 26, 1920) was a sumo wrestler from Ehime Prefecture, Japan. His highest…Asashio Tarō (朝汐 太郎, November 28, 1864 – August 26, 1920) was a sumo wrestler from Ehime Prefecture, Japan. His highest rank was ozeki.
Sakunosuke Koyama (19 January 1864 – 27 June 1927) was a Japanese composer and music teacher. He was the founder and…Sakunosuke Koyama (19 January 1864 – 27 June 1927) was a Japanese composer and music teacher. He was the founder and president of the Japanese Music Education Federation.
Shiga Shigetaka (志賀 重昂; 15 September 1863 – 6 April 1927) was the editor of the magazine Nihonjin during the Meiji…Shiga Shigetaka (志賀 重昂; 15 September 1863 – 6 April 1927) was the editor of the magazine Nihonjin during the Meiji period, in which he argued against extreme Westernization (Japanese: 欧化主義).
Takeda Hideo (武田 秀雄; November 16, 1863 – February 16, 1942) was a vice admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy. In…Takeda Hideo (武田 秀雄; November 16, 1863 – February 16, 1942) was a vice admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy. In retirement he served as President of Mitsubishi Shipbuilding and of Mitsubishi Electric.
Soyen Shaku (釈 宗演, January 10, 1860 – October 29, 1919; written in modern Japanese Shaku Sōen or Kōgaku Shaku Sōen) was…Soyen Shaku (釈 宗演, January 10, 1860 – October 29, 1919; written in modern Japanese Shaku Sōen or Kōgaku Shaku Sōen) was the first Zen Buddhist master to teach in the United States. He was a rōshi of the Rinzai school and was abbot of both Kenchō-ji and Engaku-ji temples in Kamakura, Japan. Soyen was a disciple of Imakita Kosen.
Sen Katayama (片山 潜, Katayama Sen; December 26, 1859 – November 5, 1933), born Yabuki Sugataro (藪木 菅太郎, Yabuki…Sen Katayama (片山 潜, Katayama Sen; December 26, 1859 – November 5, 1933), born Yabuki Sugataro (藪木 菅太郎, Yabuki Sugatarō), was an early Japanese Marxist political activist and journalist, one of the original members of the CPUSA and co-founder, in 1922, of the Japanese Communist Party. After 1884, he spent most of his life abroad, especially in the United States and the Soviet Union, where he was very active in the international socialist community, and after 1920, the communist community. Katayama had a weak base inside Japan, and was little known there. However, in the rest of the world, he was widely hailed as a leading spokesman for the Japanese socialist and communist movements.
Koganei Yoshikiyo (小金井 良精; January 17, 1859 – October 16, 1944) was a Japanese anatomist and anthropologist of the…Koganei Yoshikiyo (小金井 良精; January 17, 1859 – October 16, 1944) was a Japanese anatomist and anthropologist of the Meiji period.
Yukio Ozaki (尾崎 行雄, Ozaki Yukio; born 24 December 1858 – 6 October 1954) was a Japanese politician of liberal…Yukio Ozaki (尾崎 行雄, Ozaki Yukio; born 24 December 1858 – 6 October 1954) was a Japanese politician of liberal signature, born in modern-day Sagamihara, Kanagawa. Ozaki served in the House of Representatives of the Japanese Diet for 63 years (1890–1953). He is still revered in Japan as the "God of constitutional politics" and the "father of the Japanese Constitution".
Count Chinda Sutemi (珍田 捨巳; 19 January 1857 – 16 January 1929) was a Japanese diplomat and courtier who served as Grand…Count Chinda Sutemi (珍田 捨巳; 19 January 1857 – 16 January 1929) was a Japanese diplomat and courtier who served as Grand Chamberlain to the Emperor from 1927 to 1929. During his diplomatic career, he served as ambassador to Germany, the United States and Great Britain. He was a plentipotentiary at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference.
Kan'ichi Oda (小田 貫一, Oda Kan'ichi; 29 December 1856 – 22 July 1909) was a Japanese politician who served as the Mayor…Kan'ichi Oda (小田 貫一, Oda Kan'ichi; 29 December 1856 – 22 July 1909) was a Japanese politician who served as the Mayor of Hiroshima from May to July 1909.
Taketomi Tokitoshi (武富時敏; 16 January 1856 – 22 December 1938) was a Japanese politician and cabinet minister in the…Taketomi Tokitoshi (武富時敏; 16 January 1856 – 22 December 1938) was a Japanese politician and cabinet minister in the Meiji and Taishō periods of Japan.
Jokichi Takamine (高峰 譲吉, Takamine Jōkichi; November 3, 1854 – July 22, 1922) was a Japanese chemist. He is known for…Jokichi Takamine (高峰 譲吉, Takamine Jōkichi; November 3, 1854 – July 22, 1922) was a Japanese chemist. He is known for being the first to isolate adrenaline in 1901.
Katayama Tōkuma (片山 東熊; 18 January 1854 – 24 October 1917) was a Japanese architect who designed the original buildings…Katayama Tōkuma (片山 東熊; 18 January 1854 – 24 October 1917) was a Japanese architect who designed the original buildings for the Imperial Nara Museum as well as the Kyoto Imperial Museum and was significant in introducing Western, particularly French architecture into Japan. Coming from Chōshū, Tōkuma was a protégé of Yamagata Aritomo. In 1879 he graduated from the Imperial College of Engineering. During his late twenties and early thirties he assisted Josiah Conder in designing and building a Western-style residence for Prince Arisugawa Taruhito and then on the new Imperial Palace in Tokyo. During the 1880 he was sent to Europe and America to study interior decoration, including furniture. In 1887 he was appointed as an officer in the construction office of the Imperial Household.
Ōdate Uzaemon (Japanese: 大達羽 左エ門; born Benji Suwa (諏訪 辯治, Suwa Benji), December 15, 1853 – August 17, 1904) was a…Ōdate Uzaemon (Japanese: 大達羽 左エ門; born Benji Suwa (諏訪 辯治, Suwa Benji), December 15, 1853 – August 17, 1904) was a Japanese sumo wrestler from Tagawa, Dewa Province (now Tsuruoka, Yamagata Prefecture), Japan. His highest rank was ōzeki. He is the fifth ōzeki from Yamagata Prefecture and the last promoted at this rank until the promotion of Kashiwado in September 1960, 72 years later. Nicknamed Boujakufujin (傍若無人), meaning 'insolent', he was known both for his bad manners and outrages towards his masters, and for his wrestling skills, boosting sumo's popularity at a match given in honor of Emperor Meiji.
