Tōten Miyazaki (Japanese: 宮崎 滔天, Hepburn: Miyazaki Tōten) or Torazō Miyazaki (1 January 1871 – 6 December 1922) was a…Tōten Miyazaki (Japanese: 宮崎 滔天, Hepburn: Miyazaki Tōten) or Torazō Miyazaki (1 January 1871 – 6 December 1922) was a Japanese philosopher who aided and supported Sun Yat-sen during the Xinhai Revolution. He assisted Sun during his visits to Japan as he was wanted by Qing dynasty authorities.
Sakai Toshihiko (堺 利彦; November 25, 1871 – January 23, 1933) was a Japanese socialist. He advocated opposition to the…Sakai Toshihiko (堺 利彦; November 25, 1871 – January 23, 1933) was a Japanese socialist. He advocated opposition to the Russo-Japanese War, founded the Heiminsha and published the newspaper Heimin Shimbun. He formed the Japan Socialist Party and the Japanese Communist Party, and became the first general secretary of the Japanese Communist Party. His pen name is Saka Kosen (堺枯川). He is also known for his translation with Kōtoku Shūsui.
Kichimatsu Kishi (岸 吉松 Kishi Kichimatsu, ?–1956) was a Japanese immigrant to the United States who worked as a farmer…Kichimatsu Kishi (岸 吉松 Kishi Kichimatsu, ?–1956) was a Japanese immigrant to the United States who worked as a farmer and businessman. Along with fellow immigrants from Japan, his impact on rice farming in the southern United States would change the agricultural industry of the region. Kishi would establish an agricultural colony in Southeast Texas and would own an oil company. Born as one of eight children to a Japanese banker, he attended Hitotsubashi University in Tokyo, Japan, but was taken from his studies in 1904 to fight in the Russo-Japanese War. He was eventually sent to Manchuria on the mainland of China where he remained until the Japanese victory in 1905. He considered remaining there, but the high cost of land and lawlessness prompted him to return to his homeland. Years earlier, Sadatsuchi Uchida (Japan’s consul to the United States) toured the southern United States in 1902. Uchida reported back to Japan with promising news that the rice farming was underdeveloped and showed potential for large profit. At the time, the dense population of Japan and limited workable land meant that many rice farmers would never own their own land. This sparked Kishi’s interest in migrating to the United States in 1906.
Sen Katayama (片山 潜, Katayama Sen; December 26, 1859 – November 5, 1933), born Yabuki Sugataro (藪木 菅太郎, Yabuki…Sen Katayama (片山 潜, Katayama Sen; December 26, 1859 – November 5, 1933), born Yabuki Sugataro (藪木 菅太郎, Yabuki Sugatarō), was an early Japanese Marxist political activist and journalist, one of the original members of the CPUSA and co-founder, in 1922, of the Japanese Communist Party. After 1884, he spent most of his life abroad, especially in the United States and the Soviet Union, where he was very active in the international socialist community, and after 1920, the communist community. Katayama had a weak base inside Japan, and was little known there. However, in the rest of the world, he was widely hailed as a leading spokesman for the Japanese socialist and communist movements.
Yoichirō Hirase (平瀬 與一郎, Hirase Yoichirō; December 4, 1859 – May 25, 1925) was a Japanese malacologist and business…Yoichirō Hirase (平瀬 與一郎, Hirase Yoichirō; December 4, 1859 – May 25, 1925) was a Japanese malacologist and business man. His son, Shintarō Hirase, (1884–1939) was also a malacologist. The majority of his collection of molluscs were destroyed during World War II. Yoichirō greatly contributed to the start of malacology in Japan and was responsible for the collection and indirectly the naming of many land and marine mollusks. Revered by malacologists throughout the world for his enthusiasm and contributions to malacology, he has numerous species named after him. Yoichirō lived from 1859 until 1925. He was a wealthy Kyōto dealer in poultry, seeds, and aviculture products who had founded a side business trading in marine and land shells. He began to collect shells in 1898 at age 39. Over the next 20 years, his collection grew to about 3,000 Japanese specimens and 4,500 foreign specimens. He coordinated numerous field collectors to explore the territories and prefectures of Japan gathering both land and marine mollusks. Many of the species found by his team were newly discovered and named in collaboration with many scientists around the world, including H.A. Pilsbry, P. Ehrmann, G.K. Gude, C.F. Ancey, and G.B. Sowerby. Yoichirō was the mentor of Tokubei Kuroda, another forefather of Japanese malacology. Kuroda got his start in malacology under the employ of Yoichiro at age 15. Kuroda's employment initially included cleaning Hirase's large house and looking after his children by day. Hirase paid for Kuroda to attend night school and to learn English, at which he excelled, and arranged for him to learn the basics of systematic biology. A rapid learner and diligent clerk, Kuroda was soon placed in charge of the shell business, and became Hirase's secretary. He was instrumental in the founding and operation of Hirase's Conchological Museum (1913–1919), which was situated near the Kyōto Zoo, and handled most of Hirase's correspondence with foreign researchers. He also helped compile and edit Hirase's Conchological Magazine (1907–1915). Hirase's Conchological museum housed his collection from 1913 until 1919. The museum was compelled to close in 1919 due to his illness and the financial panic brought about by World War I. At its largest, the Hirase collection grew to 15,000 pieces. Prior to WWII, the collection was split to ensure its survival. One third was donated to various museums, including the Smithsonian, one third was kept at the house of his son, Shintarō Hirase in Tokyo, and the last third was stored in the Research Institute for Natural Resources in Tokyo. The majority of the collection was destroyed during incendiary bombing of Tokyo during the war. Only 5000 pieces, mostly consisting of the minute marine specimens, the land specimens, and fresh water specimens, survived the war. The surviving pieces of the collection have been stored in the Research Institute for Natural Resources in Tokyo since 1948.
Matsumura Kaiseki (松村介石; 1859 – 1939) was the founder of Dokai, the Way, a Pan-Asianist Christian-influenced new…Matsumura Kaiseki (松村介石; 1859 – 1939) was the founder of Dokai, the Way, a Pan-Asianist Christian-influenced new religious movement.
Takeda Sōkaku (武田 惣角; October 10, 1859 – April 25, 1943) was known as the founder of a school of jujutsu known as…Takeda Sōkaku (武田 惣角; October 10, 1859 – April 25, 1943) was known as the founder of a school of jujutsu known as Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu. His nickname was The Little Tengu of Aizu and he was known as Minamoto no Masayoshi (源正義).
Ogata Gekkō (尾形月耕; 1859 – 1 October 1920) was a Japanese artist best known as a painter and a designer of ukiyo-e…Ogata Gekkō (尾形月耕; 1859 – 1 October 1920) was a Japanese artist best known as a painter and a designer of ukiyo-e woodblock prints. He was self-taught in art, won numerous national and international prizes, and was one of the earliest Japanese artists to win an international audience.
Tsubouchi Shōyō (坪内 逍遥; May 22, 1859 – February 28, 1935) was a Japanese author, critic, playwright, translator…Tsubouchi Shōyō (坪内 逍遥; May 22, 1859 – February 28, 1935) was a Japanese author, critic, playwright, translator, editor, educator, and professor at Waseda University. He has been referred to as a seminal figure in Japanese drama.
Aoyama Tanemichi (青山 胤通; June 15, 1859–December 23, 1917) was a medical scientist and doctor specializing in internal…Aoyama Tanemichi (青山 胤通; June 15, 1859–December 23, 1917) was a medical scientist and doctor specializing in internal medicine. He became a member of the Imperial Japan Academy in 1906, received the first class medal, "Order of the Sacred Treasure", in 1916, and was given the title of Danshaku (baron) in 1917.
Katakura Kagemitsu (片倉景光), was a Japanese samurai of the late Edo period. A senior retainer of the Sendai domain.…Katakura Kagemitsu (片倉景光), was a Japanese samurai of the late Edo period. A senior retainer of the Sendai domain. Kagemitsu was the fourteenth Katakura Kojūrō. Served the Meiji government in the reclamation of Hokkaidō. Kagemitsu became a baron in the new kazoku system.
Ryutaro Nomura (Japanese: 野村龍太郎) (February 27, 1859 – September 18, 1943) was a Japanese businessman. He was born in…Ryutaro Nomura (Japanese: 野村龍太郎) (February 27, 1859 – September 18, 1943) was a Japanese businessman. He was born in Gifu Prefecture. He was a graduate of the University of Tokyo. He was twice President of the South Manchuria Railway (1913–1914, 1919–1921). He was a recipient of the Order of the Sacred Treasure and the Order of the Rising Sun.
Akiyama Yoshifuru (秋山 好古; February 9, 1859 – November 4, 1930) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, and was…Akiyama Yoshifuru (秋山 好古; February 9, 1859 – November 4, 1930) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, and was considered the father of modern Japanese cavalry. He was the older brother of Vice Admiral Akiyama Saneyuki.
Shigetarō Yoshimatsu (吉松茂太郎, Yoshimatsu Shigetarō; February 6, 1859 – January 5, 1935) (sometimes spelled Motaro) was a…Shigetarō Yoshimatsu (吉松茂太郎, Yoshimatsu Shigetarō; February 6, 1859 – January 5, 1935) (sometimes spelled Motaro) was a Japanese admiral during the First Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War. He was known for commanding the Tokiwa during the Battle of Tsushima.
Koganei Yoshikiyo (小金井 良精; January 17, 1859 – October 16, 1944) was a Japanese anatomist and anthropologist of the…Koganei Yoshikiyo (小金井 良精; January 17, 1859 – October 16, 1944) was a Japanese anatomist and anthropologist of the Meiji period.
Torajirō Imada(今田虎次郎, 1859–1940) was a Japanese police chief who became the first director of Sotojima Hoyoen, a…Torajirō Imada(今田虎次郎, 1859–1940) was a Japanese police chief who became the first director of Sotojima Hoyoen, a leprosy sanatorium in Osaka, Japan from 1909 to 1926. He admitted the autonomy right of the patients' association. The Sotojima sanatorium was destroyed in Muroto Typhoon in 1934 and it was reconstructed as Oku-Komyo-En Sanatorium, Okayama Prefecture.
Kobayashi Kiyochika (小林 清親; 10 September 1847 – 28 November 1915) was a Japanese ukiyo-e artist, best known for his…Kobayashi Kiyochika (小林 清親; 10 September 1847 – 28 November 1915) was a Japanese ukiyo-e artist, best known for his colour woodblock prints and newspaper illustrations. His work documents the rapid modernization and Westernization Japan underwent during the Meiji period (1868–1912) and employs a sense of light and shade called kōsen-ga inspired by Western art techniques. His work first found an audience in the 1870s with prints of red-brick buildings and trains that had proliferated after the Meiji Restoration; his prints of the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894–95 were also popular. Woodblock printing fell out of favour during this period, and many collectors consider Kobayashi's work the last significant example of ukiyo-e.
Orita Heinai (23 January 1847 – 6 May 1905) was a Japanese politician who served as governor of Hiroshima Prefecture…Orita Heinai (23 January 1847 – 6 May 1905) was a Japanese politician who served as governor of Hiroshima Prefecture from April 1896 to April 1897. He was also governor of Yamagata Prefecture (1882–1883), Fukushima Prefecture (1883–1888), Tochigi Prefecture (1889–1894) and Shiga Prefecture (1897–1899).
Count Oku Yasukata (奥 保鞏; 5 January 1847 – 19 July 1930) was a Japanese field marshal and leading figure in the early…Count Oku Yasukata (奥 保鞏; 5 January 1847 – 19 July 1930) was a Japanese field marshal and leading figure in the early Imperial Japanese Army.
Sukeyuki Ban (伴 資健 Ban Sukeyuki; 31 December 1835 – 28 January 1913) was a Japanese politician who served as the Mayor…Sukeyuki Ban (伴 資健 Ban Sukeyuki; 31 December 1835 – 28 January 1913) was a Japanese politician who served as the Mayor of Hiroshima twice from 1889 to 1895 and from 1896 to 1906. He was the first mayor of Hiroshima to serve two non-consecutive terms.
Ayasegawa Sanzaemon (Japanese: 綾瀬川 山左エ門; born Tōjirō Kawamura (川村 藤次郎, Kawamura Tōjirō), October 1835 – March 8, 1877)…Ayasegawa Sanzaemon (Japanese: 綾瀬川 山左エ門; born Tōjirō Kawamura (川村 藤次郎, Kawamura Tōjirō), October 1835 – March 8, 1877) was a Japanese sumo wrestler from Higashinari, Settsu Province (now part of Osaka in the eponymous prefecture). His highest rank was ōzeki. He is the first wrestler from Osaka Prefecture to have been promoted at this rank in sumo history, and the only one until Ōnishiki's promotion in 1916, 44 years later.
Taruhito, Prince Arisugawa (有栖川宮熾仁親王, Arisugawa-no-miya Taruhito-Shinnō; March 17, 1835 – January 15, 1895) was a…Taruhito, Prince Arisugawa (有栖川宮熾仁親王, Arisugawa-no-miya Taruhito-Shinnō; March 17, 1835 – January 15, 1895) was a Japanese imperial prince and general in the Imperial Japanese Army. He was the 9th head of the Arisugawa-no-miya (有栖川宮家) line of shinnōke cadet branches of the Imperial Family of Japan from 1871. Prince Arisugawa held several government and military offices during the Meiji era, such as commander of the Imperial Army during the Boshin War and the Satsuma Rebellion, president of the Genrōin, Minister of the Left and chief of the army general staff.
Baron Maejima Hisoka (前島 密; 24 January 1835 – 27 April 1919), born Ueno Fusagorō (上野 房五郎), was a Japanese statesman…Baron Maejima Hisoka (前島 密; 24 January 1835 – 27 April 1919), born Ueno Fusagorō (上野 房五郎), was a Japanese statesman, politician, and businessman in Meiji-period Japan. Maejima founded the Japanese postal service, and is known as Yūbin Seido no Chichi (郵便制度の父), or "Father of the Postal System".
Iwasaki Yatarō (岩崎 弥太郎; January 9, 1835 – February 7, 1885) was a Japanese industrialist and financier known as the…Iwasaki Yatarō (岩崎 弥太郎; January 9, 1835 – February 7, 1885) was a Japanese industrialist and financier known as the founder of Mitsubishi, one of Japan's largest conglomerates.
Shimooka Renjō (下岡 蓮杖; March 24, 1823 – March 3, 1914) was a Japanese photographer and was one of the first…Shimooka Renjō (下岡 蓮杖; March 24, 1823 – March 3, 1914) was a Japanese photographer and was one of the first professional photographers in Japan. He opened the first commercial photography studio in Yokohama, and in Japan he is widely considered the father of Japanese photography.
Count Sano Tsunetami (佐野 常民; 28 December 1822 – 12 December 1902) was a Japanese statesman and founder of the Japanese…Count Sano Tsunetami (佐野 常民; 28 December 1822 – 12 December 1902) was a Japanese statesman and founder of the Japanese Red Cross Society. His son, Admiral Sano Tsuneha, was a leading figure in the establishment of the Scout Association of Japan.
Unryū Kyūkichi (Japanese: 雲龍 久吉; 1822 – June 15, 1890; name also read as Unryū Hisakichi) was a Japanese sumo wrestler…Unryū Kyūkichi (Japanese: 雲龍 久吉; 1822 – June 15, 1890; name also read as Unryū Hisakichi) was a Japanese sumo wrestler from Yanagawa, Chikugo Province. He was the sport's 10th yokozuna. Although the name of the style of the yokozuna 's in-ring ceremony is named after him, the fact that he himself practiced this style is highly debated.
Hisashige Tanaka (田中 久重; October 16, 1799 – November 7, 1881) was a Japanese businessman, inventor, mechanical…Hisashige Tanaka (田中 久重; October 16, 1799 – November 7, 1881) was a Japanese businessman, inventor, mechanical engineer, and rangaku scholar who was prominent during the Bakumatsu and early Meiji period in Japan. In 1875, he founded what became the Toshiba Corporation. He has been called the "Thomas Edison of Japan" or "Karakuri Giemon."