Mineichi Koga (古賀 峯一, Koga Mineichi; 25 September 1885 – 31 March 1944) was a Japanese Marshal Admiral and…Mineichi Koga (古賀 峯一, Koga Mineichi; 25 September 1885 – 31 March 1944) was a Japanese Marshal Admiral and commander-in-chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy's Combined Fleet.
Teijirō Toyoda (豊田 貞次郎, Toyoda Teijirō; August 7, 1885 – November 21, 1961) was a career naval officer who served as…Teijirō Toyoda (豊田 貞次郎, Toyoda Teijirō; August 7, 1885 – November 21, 1961) was a career naval officer who served as Minister for Foreign Affairs in 1941 and as admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.
Soemu Toyoda (豊田 副武, Toyoda Soemu; 22 May 1885 – 22 September 1957) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy in…Soemu Toyoda (豊田 副武, Toyoda Soemu; 22 May 1885 – 22 September 1957) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy in World War II.
Naokuni Nomura (野村 直邦, Nomura Naokuni; 15 May 1885 – 12 December 1973) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy…Naokuni Nomura (野村 直邦, Nomura Naokuni; 15 May 1885 – 12 December 1973) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy, and briefly served as Navy Minister in the 1940s.
Zengo Yoshida (吉田 善吾, Yoshida Zengo; 14 February 1885 – 14 November 1966) was a Japanese admiral in the Imperial…Zengo Yoshida (吉田 善吾, Yoshida Zengo; 14 February 1885 – 14 November 1966) was a Japanese admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy.
General Seishirō Itagaki (板垣 征四郎, Itagaki Seishirō; 21 January 1885 – 23 December 1948) was a Japanese military officer…General Seishirō Itagaki (板垣 征四郎, Itagaki Seishirō; 21 January 1885 – 23 December 1948) was a Japanese military officer and politician who served as a general in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II and War Minister from 1938 to 1939. He was a disciple of Kanji Ishiwara and his ideas were strongly influenced by his apocalyptic Buddhist beliefs, being firmly convinced of the idea of a "Final War" in which Japan would unite the entire world into a single nation, resulting in an era of true peace, regeneration and harmony. Itagaki was a main conspirator behind the Mukden Incident and held prestigious chief of staff posts in the Kwantung Army and China Expeditionary Army during the early Second Sino–Japanese War. Itagaki became War Minister but fell from grace after Japanese defeat in the Soviet–Japanese border conflicts. Thereafter, he served as general for several field armies until surrendering Japanese forces in Southeast Asia in 1945. Itagaki was ultimately convicted of war crimes by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and executed in 1948.
Hideki Tojo (30 December 1884 – 23 December 1948) was a Japanese military officer and politician who served as Prime…Hideki Tojo (30 December 1884 – 23 December 1948) was a Japanese military officer and politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1941 to 1944 during World War II. His leadership was marked by widespread state violence and mass killings perpetrated in the name of Japanese nationalism. Born into a military family of samurai descent in Kōjimachi, Tokyo, Tojo followed in his father's footsteps by pursuing a military career, graduating from the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1905. After serving as a military attaché in Germany, he rose to prominence in the 1930s as a member of the Tōseiha (lit. 'Control Faction') within the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). In 1937, as chief of staff of the Kwantung Army, he led operations during the Japanese invasion of China. By 1940, he was appointed Minister of the Army, where he advocated a tripartite alliance with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. In October 1941, he was appointed Prime Minister of Japan by Emperor Hirohito. Upon taking office as Prime Minister, Tojo prioritized the total mobilization of the Empire of Japan for "total war". He enforced strict censorship and utilized the Kempeitai (military police) to suppress dissent while promoting an ideology of absolute loyalty to the Emperor. His foreign policy was defined by the pursuit of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, a concept used to justify aggressive expansion into Southeast Asia and the Pacific in order to secure natural resources. On 7 December 1941, Tojo's cabinet oversaw the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor which resulted in his country's entry into World War II on the side of the Axis powers. Despite achieving significant territorial gains in Asia and the Pacific during the opening months of the conflict, the tide decisively turned against Japan following its defeat at the Battle of Midway in June 1942. In the capacity of his nation's head of government throughout most of the war, Tojo presided over numerous war crimes, including the massacre and starvation of thousands of POWs and millions of civilians. As Allied forces closed in on the Japanese home islands, Tojo's hold on power steadily declined before he was ultimately forced to resign on 18 July 1944 upon the fall of Saipan. After his nation's surrender to the Allied powers in September 1945, he was arrested, convicted by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in the Tokyo Trials, sentenced to death, and hanged on 23 December 1948. To this day, Tojo's complicity in the July 1937 invasion of China, the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941 and numerous acts of mass murder have firmly intertwined his legacy with the Empire of Japan's warmongering brutality during the early Shōwa era.
Kanokogi Kazunobu (鹿子木員信, 1884–1949) was a Japanese professor, philosopher, mountaineer and author. Although less well…Kanokogi Kazunobu (鹿子木員信, 1884–1949) was a Japanese professor, philosopher, mountaineer and author. Although less well known than Ikki Kita, Kanokogi has been referred to on several occasions as "the pioneer of Japanese totalitarianism." After training as a naval engineer, he saw combat in the Russo-Japanese War; after converting to Christianity he resigned his commission and travelled to the United States to study theology at Union Theological Seminary and philosophy at Columbia University. He received his doctorate (supervised by Rudolf Eucken) while studying in Germany at the University of Jena. After returning to Japan in 1912 he taught at Keio University, Tokyo Imperial University and Kyushu Imperial University. Kanokogi became involved in the Pan-Asianism movement, which led to him travelling to India. He was arrested by the British in Calcutta, and deported to Singapore, where he was imprisoned briefly. Following this incident, he began advocating for Indian independence. Kanokogi was a nationalist who emphasised the importance of the Imperial family in Japanese history. One of his principal works was Der Geist Japans ("The Spirit of Japan"), which was derived from a collection of lectures he gave in Germany arguing against Chinese influences on Japanese history. He was a member of the Yūzonsha society. After the war, he was held at Sugamo Prison as a Class-A war criminal. He was released in 1946 on medical grounds because he was diagnosed with terminal pulmonary tuberculosis, and died three years later from this condition.
Admiral Shirō Takasu (高須 四郎, Takasu Shirō; October 27, 1884 – September 2, 1944) was a career naval officer in the…Admiral Shirō Takasu (高須 四郎, Takasu Shirō; October 27, 1884 – September 2, 1944) was a career naval officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.
Hajime Matsushita (松下 元, Matsushita Hajime; August 10, 1884 – December 1, 1953) was a Japanese naval officer and…Hajime Matsushita (松下 元, Matsushita Hajime; August 10, 1884 – December 1, 1953) was a Japanese naval officer and educator.
Baron Yoshitoshi Tokugawa (徳川 好敏, Tokugawa Yoshitoshi; 24 July 1884 – 17 April 1963) was a lieutenant general in the…Baron Yoshitoshi Tokugawa (徳川 好敏, Tokugawa Yoshitoshi; 24 July 1884 – 17 April 1963) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army and one of the pioneers of military aviation in Japan. The first Japanese to obtain his pilot's licence from the Aéro-Club de France, he is credited with having made the first flight in a powered aircraft in Japan in 1910.
Yasuji Okamura (岡村 寧次, Okamura Yasuji; 15 May 1884 – 2 September 1966) was a general of the Imperial Japanese Army…Yasuji Okamura (岡村 寧次, Okamura Yasuji; 15 May 1884 – 2 September 1966) was a general of the Imperial Japanese Army, commander-in-chief of the China Expeditionary Army from November 1944 to the end of World War II, and appointed to surrender all Japanese forces involved in the China Burma India theater. He was tried but found not guilty of any war crimes by the Shanghai War Crimes Tribunal after the war. As one of the Imperial Japanese Army's top China experts, General Okamura spent his entire military career on the Asian mainland.
Isoroku Yamamoto (山本 五十六, Yamamoto Isoroku; April 4, 1884 – April 18, 1943) was an admiral of the Imperial Japanese…Isoroku Yamamoto (山本 五十六, Yamamoto Isoroku; April 4, 1884 – April 18, 1943) was an admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and the commander of the Combined Fleet during World War II. He commanded the fleet from 1939 until his death in 1943, overseeing the start of the Pacific War in 1941 and Japan's initial successes and defeats before his plane was shot down by U.S. fighter aircraft over New Guinea. Yamamoto graduated from the Imperial Naval Academy in 1904 and served in the Russo-Japanese War, where he lost two fingers at the Battle of Tsushima. He later studied at Harvard University in the United States and was appointed naval attaché to the Japanese embassy in Washington. His experiences convinced him that naval power depended on access to oil and industrial capacity, and that Japan thus had little hope to defeat the U.S. in a war. He was one of the first naval leaders to conclude that naval aviation and aircraft carriers would play a decisive role in any future conflict. In 1936, Yamamoto was appointed navy vice minister, and opposed Japan's alliance with Germany and Italy in the Tripartite Pact of 1940. In 1939, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Combined Fleet, and was tasked with creating a strategy for war with the United States; Yamamoto favored a surprise attack, which was carried out at the start of the war with an attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941. In the early months of the war, the Japanese fleet scored a series of decisive naval victories. These gains were halted at the Battle of Midway in June 1942, in which four Japanese carriers were sunk. Yamamoto committed to the defense of the Solomon Islands in the Guadalcanal campaign, but was unable to prevent their capture. In April 1943, Yamamoto was killed after American code breakers intercepted his flight plans, enabling the United States Army Air Forces to shoot down his aircraft.
Tetsuzan Nagata (永田 鉄山, Nagata Tetsuzan; 14 January 1884 – 12 August 1935) was a Japanese military officer and general…Tetsuzan Nagata (永田 鉄山, Nagata Tetsuzan; 14 January 1884 – 12 August 1935) was a Japanese military officer and general of the Imperial Japanese Army best known as the victim of the Aizawa Incident in August 1935. Nagata was an influential military figure in the Meiji government and the de facto leader of the Tōseiha faction during the Gunbatsu political rivalry within the Imperial Japanese Army. Nagata was assassinated by Saburō Aizawa of the rival Kōdōha faction and his death triggered events that led to the February 26 Incident.
Chikuhei Nakajima (中島 知久平, Nakajima Chikuhei; January 1, 1884 – October 29, 1949), was a Japanese businessman, naval…Chikuhei Nakajima (中島 知久平, Nakajima Chikuhei; January 1, 1884 – October 29, 1949), was a Japanese businessman, naval engineer, naval officer, and politician who was most notable for having founded Nakajima Aircraft Company in 1917, a major supplier of airplanes in the Empire of Japan. He also served as a cabinet minister.
Shigetarō Shimada (嶋田 繁太郎, Shimada Shigetarō; 24 September 1883 – 7 June 1976) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese…Shigetarō Shimada (嶋田 繁太郎, Shimada Shigetarō; 24 September 1883 – 7 June 1976) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. He also served as Minister of the Navy. He was convicted of waging aggressive war and sentenced to life imprisonment.
Teikichi Hori (堀 悌吉, Hori Teikichi; August 16, 1883 – May 12, 1959) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during…Teikichi Hori (堀 悌吉, Hori Teikichi; August 16, 1883 – May 12, 1959) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during the early twentieth century. During the interwar period, Hori was a prominent member of the Treaty Faction of the Navy, and opposed war against the United States and the United Kingdom. Hori and Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto were close lifelong friends.
Admiral Kiyoshi Hasegawa (長谷川 清, Hasegawa Kiyoshi; 7 May 1883 – 2 September 1970) was an admiral in the Imperial…Admiral Kiyoshi Hasegawa (長谷川 清, Hasegawa Kiyoshi; 7 May 1883 – 2 September 1970) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy and the 18th Governor-General of Taiwan during most of the Pacific War, serving from December 1940 to December 1944.
Kōichi Shiozawa (塩沢 幸一, Shiozawa Kōichi; March 5, 1883 – November 17, 1943) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese…Kōichi Shiozawa (塩沢 幸一, Shiozawa Kōichi; March 5, 1883 – November 17, 1943) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The literary critic Rinsen Nakazawa was his older brother.
Koshirō Oikawa (及川 古志郎, Oikawa Koshirō; 16 February 1883 – 9 May 1958) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy and…Koshirō Oikawa (及川 古志郎, Oikawa Koshirō; 16 February 1883 – 9 May 1958) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy and Naval Minister during World War II.
Daisaku Kōmoto (河本 大作, Kōmoto Daisaku; January 24, 1883 – August 25, 1955) was an officer in the Japanese Imperial…Daisaku Kōmoto (河本 大作, Kōmoto Daisaku; January 24, 1883 – August 25, 1955) was an officer in the Japanese Imperial Japanese Army active during the early Shōwa period. He held the rank of colonel. He is known as the mastermind of the assassination of Zhang Zuolin.
Hisao Tani (谷 寿夫, Tani Hisao; 22 December 1882 – 26 April 1947) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army…Hisao Tani (谷 寿夫, Tani Hisao; 22 December 1882 – 26 April 1947) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army in the Second Sino-Japanese War and a convicted war criminal, who was also convicted of crimes against humanity. Forces under his command committed the 1937 Nanjing Massacre. Tani was tried in the Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal and executed.
Ken Terajima (寺島健, Terajima Ken; 23 September 1882 – 30 October 1972) was a Japanese Vice Admiral and politician. He…Ken Terajima (寺島健, Terajima Ken; 23 September 1882 – 30 October 1972) was a Japanese Vice Admiral and politician. He served as the Minister of Communications from 18 October 1941 to 8 October 1943, and Minister of Railways from 18 October 1941 to 2 December 1941, in the Tōjō Cabinet.
Prince Tsunehisa Takeda (竹田宮恒久王, Takeda-no-miya Tsunehisa-ō; September 22, 1882 – April 23, 1919) was the founder of…Prince Tsunehisa Takeda (竹田宮恒久王, Takeda-no-miya Tsunehisa-ō; September 22, 1882 – April 23, 1919) was the founder of the Takeda-no-miya collateral branch of the Japanese Imperial Family.
Sankichi Takahashi (高橋 三吉, Takahashi Sankichi; August 24, 1882 – June 15, 1966) was an Admiral of the Imperial Japanese…Sankichi Takahashi (高橋 三吉, Takahashi Sankichi; August 24, 1882 – June 15, 1966) was an Admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy. After the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 Takahashi, an important figure of the IJN's Fleet Faction, made a swift career, from commander of an obsolete cruiser in 1923 to commander of the Combined Fleet in 1934. He was instrumental in crushing the opposing moderate Treaty Faction but soon lost his command in another round of political turmoil.
Yōzō Kaneko (金子 養三, Kaneko Yōzō; 11 June 1882 – 27 December 1941) was a pilot in the Imperial Japanese Navy and the…Yōzō Kaneko (金子 養三, Kaneko Yōzō; 11 June 1882 – 27 December 1941) was a pilot in the Imperial Japanese Navy and the founder of the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service. Born in Hiroshima Prefecture, he studied at Shudo Junior and Senior High School and the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy. As a naval officer he participated in the Battle of Tsushima during the Russo-Japanese War. In 1911, Kaneko was sent to France and trained as a pilot. In 1912, at Yokosuka Naval Air Technical Arsenal, Kaneko made the first flight in Japanese naval history, piloting a Farman seaplane for 15 minutes. In 1914, Kaneko and two other naval officers flew a mission in the Siege of Tsingtao during World War I, which was the first air attack in Japanese naval history. He was appointed the first commander and trainer of the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service in 1916 and contributed to the development of the Service. Kaneko was promoted to major general in 1926.
Gengo Hyakutake (百武 源吾, Hyakutake Gengo; January 28, 1882 – January 15, 1976) was a career officer and admiral in the…Gengo Hyakutake (百武 源吾, Hyakutake Gengo; January 28, 1882 – January 15, 1976) was a career officer and admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy.
Bunzaburō Kawagishi (川岸 文三郎, Kawagishi Bunzaburō; January 1, 1882 – June 16, 1957) was a lieutenant-general in the…Bunzaburō Kawagishi (川岸 文三郎, Kawagishi Bunzaburō; January 1, 1882 – June 16, 1957) was a lieutenant-general in the Imperial Japanese Army during the early stages of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Otozō Yamada (山田 乙三, Yamada Otozō; 6 November 1881 – 18 July 1965) was a career officer, convicted war criminal and…Otozō Yamada (山田 乙三, Yamada Otozō; 6 November 1881 – 18 July 1965) was a career officer, convicted war criminal and general in the Imperial Japanese Army, serving from the Russo-Japanese War to the end of World War II.
Toshizō Nishio (西尾 寿造, Nishio Toshizō; 31 October 1881 – 26 October 1960) was a Japanese general, considered to be one…Toshizō Nishio (西尾 寿造, Nishio Toshizō; 31 October 1881 – 26 October 1960) was a Japanese general, considered to be one of the Imperial Japanese Army's most successful and ablest strategists during the Second Sino-Japanese War, who commanded the Japanese Second Army during the first years after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident.
Kiyoshi Katsuki (香月 清司, Katsuki Kiyoshi; 6 October 1881 – 29 January 1950) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army…Kiyoshi Katsuki (香月 清司, Katsuki Kiyoshi; 6 October 1881 – 29 January 1950) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army in the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Kanichirō Tashiro (田代 皖一郎, Tashiro Kan'ichirō; 1 October 1881 – 16 July 1937) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial…Kanichirō Tashiro (田代 皖一郎, Tashiro Kan'ichirō; 1 October 1881 – 16 July 1937) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army at the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Kōtarō Nakamura (中村 孝太郎, Nakamura Kōtarō; 28 August 1881 – 29 August 1947) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army…Kōtarō Nakamura (中村 孝太郎, Nakamura Kōtarō; 28 August 1881 – 29 August 1947) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army and very briefly Army Minister in the 1930s.
Kesago Nakajima (中島 今朝吾, Nakajima Kesago; 15 June 1881 – 28 October 1945) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial…Kesago Nakajima (中島 今朝吾, Nakajima Kesago; 15 June 1881 – 28 October 1945) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, Japanese forces under Nakajima's command committed the 1937 Nanjing Massacre.
Kōhei Kashii (香椎 浩平, Kashii Kōhei; January 25, 1881 – December 3, 1954) was a lieutenant-general in the Imperial…Kōhei Kashii (香椎 浩平, Kashii Kōhei; January 25, 1881 – December 3, 1954) was a lieutenant-general in the Imperial Japanese Army. Kashii was born in Fukuoka Prefecture, graduated from the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, and became a lieutenant-general in 1931. He was the commander of the Japanese China Garrison Army from 22 December 1930 to 29 February 1932. In November 1931, Kashii imposed martial law over the Japanese-ruled area of the Chinese city of Tianjin. During the February 1936 coup attempt, Kashii was a leader of government forces that suppressed the revolt. Since he was sympathetic to the Imperial Way Faction, which included some of the officers who started the coup, he initially resisted military action against the revolt. He was later relieved of his duties, and then transferred to the reserves.
Hisanori Fujita (藤田 尚徳, Fujita Hisanori; 30 October 1880 – 23 July 1970) was a Japanese admiral in the Imperial…Hisanori Fujita (藤田 尚徳, Fujita Hisanori; 30 October 1880 – 23 July 1970) was a Japanese admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy, court official and Shinto priest. After retiring from active service, he served as Chief Priest of Meiji Shrine and the Grand Chamberlain to Emperor Hirohito during World War II.
Yoshitsugu Tatekawa (建川 美次, Tatekawa Yoshitsugu; 3 October 1880 – 9 September 1945) was a lieutenant-general in the…Yoshitsugu Tatekawa (建川 美次, Tatekawa Yoshitsugu; 3 October 1880 – 9 September 1945) was a lieutenant-general in the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II. He played an important role in the Mukden incident in 1931 and as Japanese ambassador to the Soviet Union he negotiated the Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact in 1941.
Masato Sugi (杉 政人, Sugi Masato; August 13, 1880 – November 19, 1951) was an Imperial Japanese Navy officer who held the…Masato Sugi (杉 政人, Sugi Masato; August 13, 1880 – November 19, 1951) was an Imperial Japanese Navy officer who held the final rank of Vice Admiral. He was born in Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture. As a graduate of the Imperial Japanese Naval Engineering Academy, he was the first candidate for the rank of Admiral from that institution.
Nobumasa Suetsugu (末次 信正, Suetsugu Nobumasa; 30 June 1880 – 29 December 1944) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese…Nobumasa Suetsugu (末次 信正, Suetsugu Nobumasa; 30 June 1880 – 29 December 1944) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy, and briefly served as Home Minister in the 1940s.
Osami Nagano (永野 修身, Nagano Osami; 15 June 1880 – 5 January 1947) was a Marshal Admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy…Osami Nagano (永野 修身, Nagano Osami; 15 June 1880 – 5 January 1947) was a Marshal Admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy and one of the leaders of Japan's military during most of the Second World War. In April 1941, he became Chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff. In this capacity, he emerged as a leading advocate for preventive war against the United States and served as the navy's commander-in-chief in the Asia-Pacific theater of World War II until February 1944. After the war, he was arrested by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East but died of natural causes in prison during the trial.
Kuniaki Koiso (小磯 國昭, Koiso Kuniaki; 22 March 1880 – 3 November 1950) was a Japanese politician and general who served…Kuniaki Koiso (小磯 國昭, Koiso Kuniaki; 22 March 1880 – 3 November 1950) was a Japanese politician and general who served as prime minister of Japan from 1944 to 1945, during World War II. He previously served as minister of colonial affairs in 1939 and 1940, and as governor-general of Korea from 1942 to 1944. Koiso resigned as premier after the start of the Battle of Okinawa, and following Japan's surrender he was convicted as a Class A war criminal and sentenced to life imprisonment, dying in prison in 1950.
Mitsumasa Yonai (米内 光政, Yonai Mitsumasa; 2 March 1880 – 20 April 1948) was a Japanese navy officer and politician. He…Mitsumasa Yonai (米内 光政, Yonai Mitsumasa; 2 March 1880 – 20 April 1948) was a Japanese navy officer and politician. He served as admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy, Minister of the Navy, and Prime Minister of Japan in 1940.
Hajime Sugiyama (杉山 元, Sugiyama Hajime / Sugiyama Gen; 1 January 1880 – 12 September 1945) was a Japanese field marshal…Hajime Sugiyama (杉山 元, Sugiyama Hajime / Sugiyama Gen; 1 January 1880 – 12 September 1945) was a Japanese field marshal and one of Japan's military leaders for most of the Second World War. As Army Minister, Sugiyama was a driving force behind Japan's 1937 invasion of China in retaliation for the Marco Polo Bridge Incident. After being named the Japanese Army's Chief of Staff in 1940, he became a leading advocate for expansion into Southeast Asia and preventive war against the United States. Upon the outbreak of hostilities in the Asia-Pacific theater of World War II, Sugiyama served as the army's commander-in-chief until his removal by Prime Minister Hideki Tojo in February 1944. Following Tojo's ouster in July 1944, he once again held the post of Army Minister in Kuniaki Koiso's cabinet until its dissolution in April 1945. Ten days after Japan's surrender on 2 September 1945, he committed suicide.
Shinobu Ishihara (石原 忍, Ishihara Shinobu; September 25, 1879 – January 3, 1963) was a Japanese ophthalmologist who…Shinobu Ishihara (石原 忍, Ishihara Shinobu; September 25, 1879 – January 3, 1963) was a Japanese ophthalmologist who created the Ishihara color test to detect colour blindness. He was an army surgeon.
Tsutomu Sakuma (佐久間 勉, Sakuma Tsutomu; September 13, 1879 – April 15, 1910) was a career naval officer in the Imperial…Tsutomu Sakuma (佐久間 勉, Sakuma Tsutomu; September 13, 1879 – April 15, 1910) was a career naval officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy, and a pioneer submarine commander, known primarily as the commanding officer during the sinking of Submarine No.6.
Nobutaka Shiōden (四王天 延孝, Shiōden Nobutaka; 2 September 1878 – 8 August 1962) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial…Nobutaka Shiōden (四王天 延孝, Shiōden Nobutaka; 2 September 1878 – 8 August 1962) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army, propagandist of a Jewish conspiracy theory during and after World War II and a legislator in the Diet of Japan.
Count Hisaichi Terauchi (寺内 寿一, Terauchi Hisaichi; 8 August 1879 – 12 June 1946) was a Gensui (or field marshal) in the…Count Hisaichi Terauchi (寺内 寿一, Terauchi Hisaichi; 8 August 1879 – 12 June 1946) was a Gensui (or field marshal) in the Imperial Japanese Army, commander of the Southern Expeditionary Army Group during World War II.
Shunroku Hata (畑 俊六, Hata Shunroku; July 26, 1879 – May 10, 1962) was a field marshal (gensui) in the Imperial Japanese…Shunroku Hata (畑 俊六, Hata Shunroku; July 26, 1879 – May 10, 1962) was a field marshal (gensui) in the Imperial Japanese Army who served as Minister of the Army from 1939 to 1940. He was the last surviving Japanese military officer with a marshal's rank. In the aftermath of World War II Hata was convicted of war crimes and sentenced to life imprisonment in 1948, but was paroled in 1955.
Seizō Sakonji (左近司政三, Sakonji Seizō; 27 June 1879 – 20 August 1969) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy, and…Seizō Sakonji (左近司政三, Sakonji Seizō; 27 June 1879 – 20 August 1969) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy, and cabinet minister in the wartime government of the Empire of Japan.
Ryū Saitō (斎藤 瀏, Saitō Ryū; April 16, 1879 – July 5, 1953) was a Japanese Major General and poet during the 20th…Ryū Saitō (斎藤 瀏, Saitō Ryū; April 16, 1879 – July 5, 1953) was a Japanese Major General and poet during the 20th century. He is commonly associated with the Jinan incident, playing a major role in the diplomatic and public press of the incident. He was also known for his tanka poetry works.