Murakami Kakuichi (村上 格一, Kakuichi Murakami; 21 December 1862 – 15 November 1927) was an admiral in the Imperial…Murakami Kakuichi (村上 格一, Kakuichi Murakami; 21 December 1862 – 15 November 1927) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy, and served as Navy Minister in the early 1920s.
Tadamichi Kamaya (Japanese: 釜屋忠道, Hepburn: Kamaya Tadamichi; November 4, 1862 – January 19, 1939), also known as Kamaya…Tadamichi Kamaya (Japanese: 釜屋忠道, Hepburn: Kamaya Tadamichi; November 4, 1862 – January 19, 1939), also known as Kamaya Chūdō, was a Japanese Vice Admiral and Banker of the First Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War. He was known for commanding the Sado Maru during the Battle of Tsushima and was the chairman of the Asahi Shinkin Bank in his later years.
Ishibashi Hajime (石橋甫, Ishibashi Hajime; July 28, 1862 – January 11, 1942) was a Japanese Vice-Admiral of the First…Ishibashi Hajime (石橋甫, Ishibashi Hajime; July 28, 1862 – January 11, 1942) was a Japanese Vice-Admiral of the First Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War. He primarily commanded the Matsushima, Takasago, and the America Maru throughout both wars and was the Chief Navigator of the Imperial Japanese Navy.
Lieutenant-General Mori Rintarō (森 林太郎; February 17, 1862 – July 8, 1922), known by his pen name Mori Ōgai (森 鷗外…Lieutenant-General Mori Rintarō (森 林太郎; February 17, 1862 – July 8, 1922), known by his pen name Mori Ōgai (森 鷗外; Japanese pronunciation: [mo.ɾʲi (|) oꜜː.ɡai, -ŋai]), was a Japanese Army Surgeon general officer, translator, novelist, poet and father of famed author Mari Mori. He obtained his medical license at a very young age and introduced translated German language literary works to the Japanese public. Mori Ōgai also was considered the first to successfully express the art of western poetry in Japanese. He wrote many works and created many writing styles. The Wild Geese (1911–1913) is considered his major work. After his death, he was considered one of the leading writers who modernized Japanese literature. His continued obstinacy to recognize beriberi as a thiamine deficiency led to the death of more than 27,000 Japanese soldiers.
Prince Arisugawa Takehito (有栖川宮威仁親王, Arisugawa-no-miya Takehito-Shinnō; January 13, 1862 – July 5, 1913) was the 10th…Prince Arisugawa Takehito (有栖川宮威仁親王, Arisugawa-no-miya Takehito-Shinnō; January 13, 1862 – July 5, 1913) was the 10th head of a cadet branch of the Japanese imperial family and a career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy.
Admiral Arima Ryōkitsu (有馬 良橘; December 16, 1861 – May 1, 1944) was a career naval officer in the Imperial Japanese…Admiral Arima Ryōkitsu (有馬 良橘; December 16, 1861 – May 1, 1944) was a career naval officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy during Meiji and Taishō periods.
Nobu Shirase (白瀬 矗, Shirase Nobu; 13 June 1861 – 4 September 1946) was a Japanese army officer and explorer. He led the…Nobu Shirase (白瀬 矗, Shirase Nobu; 13 June 1861 – 4 September 1946) was a Japanese army officer and explorer. He led the first Japanese Antarctic Expedition, 1910–12, which reached a southern latitude of 80°5′, and made the first landing on the coast of King Edward VII Land. Shirase had harboured polar ambitions since boyhood. By way of preparation, during his military service he participated in an expedition to the northern Kuril Islands. This venture was poorly organised and ended badly, but nonetheless provided him with useful training for future polar exploration. His longstanding intention was to lead an expedition to the North Pole, but when this mark was claimed by Robert Peary in 1909, Shirase switched his attention to the south. Unable to attract government support for his Antarctic venture, Shirase raised the finance privately. In its first season, 1910–11, the expedition failed to make a landing, and was forced to winter in Australia. Its second attempt, in 1911–12, was more successful. Although the expedition's achievements were modest, it demonstrated that the Japanese were competent Antarctic travellers, and Shirase returned to Japan in June 1912 to much local acclaim, although the rest of the world showed little interest in his exploits. Even in Japan his fame was short-lived, and Shirase soon found himself faced with a burden of expedition debt that took him most of the rest of his life to redeem. He died in relative poverty in 1946. Long after Shirase's death, there was belated recognition in Japan of his pioneering endeavours. Several geographical features in Antarctica were named after him or his expedition; the revived Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition named its third and fourth ice-breaking vessels Shirase; his home city of Nikaho erected a statue in 1981, and in 1990 opened a museum dedicated to his memory and the work of his expedition.
Marshal-Admiral Viscount Katō Tomosaburō (加藤 友三郎; 22 February 1861 – 24 August 1923) was a career officer in the…Marshal-Admiral Viscount Katō Tomosaburō (加藤 友三郎; 22 February 1861 – 24 August 1923) was a career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy, cabinet minister, and Prime Minister of Japan from 1922 to 1923.
Shiba Gorō (柴 五郎; June 21, 1860 – December 13, 1945) was a samurai of Aizu Domain and later a career officer and…Shiba Gorō (柴 五郎; June 21, 1860 – December 13, 1945) was a samurai of Aizu Domain and later a career officer and general in the Meiji period Imperial Japanese Army.
Hongo Fusataro (本郷 房太郎, Hongō Fusatarō; February 15, 1860 – March 20, 1931) was a general of the Imperial Japanese…Hongo Fusataro (本郷 房太郎, Hongō Fusatarō; February 15, 1860 – March 20, 1931) was a general of the Imperial Japanese Army. He was 71 when he died.
Baron Yashiro Rokurō (八代 六郎; 3 January 1860 – 30 June 1930) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy and Navy…Baron Yashiro Rokurō (八代 六郎; 3 January 1860 – 30 June 1930) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy and Navy Minister, succeeding the last of the Satsuma-era naval leaders of the early Meiji period.
Shigetarō Yoshimatsu (吉松茂太郎, Yoshimatsu Shigetarō; February 6, 1859 – January 5, 1935) (sometimes spelled Motaro) was a…Shigetarō Yoshimatsu (吉松茂太郎, Yoshimatsu Shigetarō; February 6, 1859 – January 5, 1935) (sometimes spelled Motaro) was a Japanese admiral during the First Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War. He was known for commanding the Tokiwa during the Battle of Tsushima.
Marshal-Admiral Baron Shimamura Hayao (島村 速雄; September 21, 1858 – January 8, 1923) was a Japanese admiral during the…Marshal-Admiral Baron Shimamura Hayao (島村 速雄; September 21, 1858 – January 8, 1923) was a Japanese admiral during the First Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese Wars as well as one of the first prominent staff officers and naval strategists of the early Imperial Japanese Navy. He was an excellent tactician, but unlike many military men, he did not seek honor. He would defer credit to his colleagues, refrain from boasting, and openly share his failures with others. His character garnered him much respect. He remained a lifelong friend of his classmate from the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy, Katō Tomosaburō.
Gaishi Nagaoka (長岡 外史, Nagaoka Gaishi; June 23, 1858 – April 21, 1933) was a Japanese military officer. He served in…Gaishi Nagaoka (長岡 外史, Nagaoka Gaishi; June 23, 1858 – April 21, 1933) was a Japanese military officer. He served in the First Sino-Japanese War and was Vice Chief of the General Staff in Japan during the Russo-Japanese War. He became a member of the House of Representatives in 1924. He was also an avid supporter of early military and civilian aviation in Japan.
Ōshima Ken'ichi (大島 健一; 19 June 1858 – 24 March 1947) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army and Army Minister…Ōshima Ken'ichi (大島 健一; 19 June 1858 – 24 March 1947) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army and Army Minister during World War I. His son, Hiroshi Ōshima was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army, and served as Japanese ambassador to Nazi Germany.
Kusunose Yukihiko (楠瀬 幸彦, Yukihiko Kusunone; 28 April 1858 – 20 March 1927) was a general in the early Imperial…Kusunose Yukihiko (楠瀬 幸彦, Yukihiko Kusunone; 28 April 1858 – 20 March 1927) was a general in the early Imperial Japanese Army.
Marshal Viscount Uehara Yūsaku (上原 勇作; 6 December 1856 – 8 November 1933) was a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese…Marshal Viscount Uehara Yūsaku (上原 勇作; 6 December 1856 – 8 November 1933) was a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army. His wife was a daughter of General Nozu Michitsura. He was the founder of the Imperial Japanese Army Engineering Corps.
Baron Ōtani Kikuzō (大谷 喜久蔵, Ōtani Kikuzō; 4 February 1856 – 26 November 1923) was a general in the Imperial Japanese…Baron Ōtani Kikuzō (大谷 喜久蔵, Ōtani Kikuzō; 4 February 1856 – 26 November 1923) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army. Otani participated in the First Sino-Japanese War, Russo-Japanese War, World War I and the Russian Civil War. During the course of the latter he commanded the Vladivostok Expeditionary Force and became the formal commander of the Allied Siberian intervention. He was elevated to baron upon his retirement in 1920.
Baron Misu Sōtarō (三須 宗太郎, Sōtarō Misu; 16 September 1855 – 24 December 1921) was an admiral in the early Imperial…Baron Misu Sōtarō (三須 宗太郎, Sōtarō Misu; 16 September 1855 – 24 December 1921) was an admiral in the early Imperial Japanese Navy.
Ichinohe Hyōe (一戸 兵衛; August 2, 1855 – September 2, 1931) was a Japanese soldier, military strategist, Imperial…Ichinohe Hyōe (一戸 兵衛; August 2, 1855 – September 2, 1931) was a Japanese soldier, military strategist, Imperial Japanese Army officer, and Shintō priest. A meticulous planner, the casualty rate of his command was far fewer than that of his fellow officers while achieving the same objectives.
Iinuma Sadakichi (飯沼 貞吉; April 22, 1854 – February 12, 1931) was a Japanese military officer of the Imperial Japanese…Iinuma Sadakichi (飯沼 貞吉; April 22, 1854 – February 12, 1931) was a Japanese military officer of the Imperial Japanese Army and former member of the Byakkotai of the Aizu Domain.
Baron Ishimoto Shinroku (石本 新六; 20 January 1854 – 2 April 1912) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, and…Baron Ishimoto Shinroku (石本 新六; 20 January 1854 – 2 April 1912) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, and Minister of War under the Second Saionji Cabinet from 1911 to 1912.
Baron Ijichi Kōsuke (伊地知 幸介, Kōsuke Ijichi; December 25, 1854 – January 23, 1917) was a general in the Imperial…Baron Ijichi Kōsuke (伊地知 幸介, Kōsuke Ijichi; December 25, 1854 – January 23, 1917) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army in the First Sino-Japanese War and Chief of Staff of the Japanese Third Army during the Siege of Port Arthur in the Russo-Japanese War. His wife was the niece of Marshal Oyama Iwao.
Tsunamasa Ōyama (大山 綱昌, Ōyama Tsunamasa; 24 December 1853 – 18 October 1934) was a Japanese politician. He was governor…Tsunamasa Ōyama (大山 綱昌, Ōyama Tsunamasa; 24 December 1853 – 18 October 1934) was a Japanese politician. He was governor of Saga Prefecture (1898–1901), Gunma Prefecture (1901–1902) and Nagano Prefecture (1902–1905).
Baron Andō Sadayoshi (安東 貞美, Andō Sadayoshi; 21 September 1853 – 29 August 1932), also known as Andō Teibi, was a…Baron Andō Sadayoshi (安東 貞美, Andō Sadayoshi; 21 September 1853 – 29 August 1932), also known as Andō Teibi, was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army and Governor-General of Taiwan from 1 May 1915 to 6 June 1918.
Baron Ijūin Gorō (伊集院 五郎; 9 November 1852 – 13 January 1921) was a Meiji-period career officer in the Imperial Japanese…Baron Ijūin Gorō (伊集院 五郎; 9 November 1852 – 13 January 1921) was a Meiji-period career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy.
Viscount Kodama Gentarō (兒玉 源太郎; 16 March 1852 – 23 July 1906) was a Japanese general in the Imperial Japanese Army and…Viscount Kodama Gentarō (兒玉 源太郎; 16 March 1852 – 23 July 1906) was a Japanese general in the Imperial Japanese Army and a government minister during the Meiji period. He was instrumental in establishing the modern Imperial Japanese military.
Baron Arisaka Nariakira (有坂 成章; April 5, 1852 – January 12, 1915) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese…Baron Arisaka Nariakira (有坂 成章; April 5, 1852 – January 12, 1915) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army. The inventor of the Arisaka rifle, he is regarded as one of the leading arms designers in Japanese history, alongside Kijirō Nambu.
Count Terauchi Masatake (寺内 正毅; 5 February 1852 – 3 November 1919) was a Japanese military officer and politician who…Count Terauchi Masatake (寺内 正毅; 5 February 1852 – 3 November 1919) was a Japanese military officer and politician who served as prime minister of Japan from 1916 to 1918. He was a Gensui (or Marshal) in the Imperial Japanese Army.
Marshal Count Hasegawa Yoshimichi (長谷川 好道; 1 October 1850 – 27 January 1924) was a field marshal in the Imperial…Marshal Count Hasegawa Yoshimichi (長谷川 好道; 1 October 1850 – 27 January 1924) was a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army and Japanese Governor General of Korea from 1916 to 1919. His Japanese decorations included Order of the Golden Kite (1st class) and Order of the Chrysanthemum.
Viscount Kawamura Kageaki (川村 景明, Kageaki Kawamura; 8 April 1850 – 28 April 1926) was a field marshal in the Imperial…Viscount Kawamura Kageaki (川村 景明, Kageaki Kawamura; 8 April 1850 – 28 April 1926) was a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army.
Count Nogi Maresuke (乃木 希典), also known as Kiten, Count Nogi (December 25, 1849 – September 13, 1912), was a Japanese…Count Nogi Maresuke (乃木 希典), also known as Kiten, Count Nogi (December 25, 1849 – September 13, 1912), was a Japanese general in the Imperial Japanese Army and a governor-general of Taiwan. He was one of the commanders during the 1894 capture of Port Arthur from China and a prominent figure in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05, as commander of the forces which captured Port Arthur from the Russians. He was a national hero in Imperial Japan as a model of feudal loyalty and self-sacrifice, ultimately to the point of suicide. In the Satsuma Rebellion, he lost a banner of the emperor in battle, for which he tried to atone with suicidal bravery in order to recapture it, until ordered to stop. In the Russo-Japanese War, he captured Port Arthur but he felt that he had lost too many of his soldiers, so requested permission to commit suicide, which the emperor refused. These two events, as well as his desire not to outlive his master, motivated his suicide on the day of the funeral of the Emperor Meiji. His example brought attention to the concept of bushido (moral code of the samurai) and the controversial samurai practice of junshi (following the lord in death).
Baron Takaki Kanehiro (高木 兼寛; 30 October 1849 – 12 April 1920) was a Japanese naval physician best known for…Baron Takaki Kanehiro (高木 兼寛; 30 October 1849 – 12 April 1920) was a Japanese naval physician best known for identifying the first effective preventive measure against beriberi, a disease caused by vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency. His pioneering work focused on combating the high incidence of beriberi among sailors in the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), who had subsisted on a diet primarily composed of polished white rice.
Tadashi Satō (佐藤 正, Satō Tadashi; 20 July 1849 – 27 April 1920) was a Japanese Army officer and politician. As a…Tadashi Satō (佐藤 正, Satō Tadashi; 20 July 1849 – 27 April 1920) was a Japanese Army officer and politician. As a lieutenant colonel in the Imperial Japanese Army, he was given command of the 18th Infantry Regiment on 29 October 1891. He was later promoted to colonel, and wounded in battle on 4 March 1895 during the First Sino-Japanese War. As a politician, he was Mayor of Hiroshima from 10 January to 20 April 1896.
Baron Kamimura Hikonojō (上村 彦之丞; 1 May 1849 – 8 August 1916) was an early Japanese admiral of the Imperial Japanese…Baron Kamimura Hikonojō (上村 彦之丞; 1 May 1849 – 8 August 1916) was an early Japanese admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy, commanding the IJN 2nd Fleet during the Russo-Japanese War, most notably at the Battle off Ulsan and Tsushima.
Viscount Kawakami Sōroku (川上 操六; 11 November 1848 – 11 May 1899), was a general and one of the chief military…Viscount Kawakami Sōroku (川上 操六; 11 November 1848 – 11 May 1899), was a general and one of the chief military strategists in the Imperial Japanese Army during the Donghak Peasant Revolution and First Sino-Japanese War.
Viscount Ōshima Hisanao (大島久直, Hisanao Ōshima; 1 October 1848 – 27 September 1928) was a general in the early Imperial…Viscount Ōshima Hisanao (大島久直, Hisanao Ōshima; 1 October 1848 – 27 September 1928) was a general in the early Imperial Japanese Army.
Viscount Ogawa Mataji (小川又次; 22 August 1848 – 20 October 1909) was a general in the early Imperial Japanese Army. He…Viscount Ogawa Mataji (小川又次; 22 August 1848 – 20 October 1909) was a general in the early Imperial Japanese Army. He was also the father-in-law of Field Marshal Gen Sugiyama.
Viscount Saneyoshi Yasuzumi (実吉 安純; 20 March 1848 – 1 March 1932) was a pioneer of naval medicine in Meiji Era Japan…Viscount Saneyoshi Yasuzumi (実吉 安純; 20 March 1848 – 1 March 1932) was a pioneer of naval medicine in Meiji Era Japan and an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy.
Prince Katsura Tarō (桂 太郎; 4 January 1848 – 10 October 1913) was a Japanese statesman and general who served as prime…Prince Katsura Tarō (桂 太郎; 4 January 1848 – 10 October 1913) was a Japanese statesman and general who served as prime minister of Japan from 1901 to 1906, from 1908 to 1911, and from 1912 to 1913. He was a genrō, or senior statesman who helped dictate policy during the Meiji era, and is the second-longest serving Japanese prime minister after Shinzo Abe, serving for a combined total of 7 years and 330 days. Born in the Choshu Domain to a samurai family, Katsura participated in the Boshin War that led to the Meiji Restoration in 1868. He spent several years studying military science in Germany, and became a protégé of Yamagata Aritomo. He distinguished himself in the First Sino-Japanese War, then served as governor-general of Taiwan and later as minister of war from 1898 to 1901, when he was appointed prime minister. Katsura's relatively stable tenure saw Japan's victory in the Russo-Japanese War before he was forced to resign in 1906 amid public outrage at the government's failure to secure an indemnity from Russia. He returned as premier in 1908, and showed authoritarian tendencies in the crackdown on the High Treason Incident of 1910, which saw the mass arrest of leftists and which was followed by the establishment of the Special Higher Police in 1911. In 1910, Korea was annexed by Japan. After Emperor Meiji's death in 1912, Katsura became prime minister again, which triggered the Taisho Political Crisis. He resigned three months later after a vote of no confidence.
Count Oku Yasukata (奥 保鞏; 5 January 1847 – 19 July 1930) was a Japanese field marshal and leading figure in the early…Count Oku Yasukata (奥 保鞏; 5 January 1847 – 19 July 1930) was a Japanese field marshal and leading figure in the early Imperial Japanese Army.
Yamaguchi Motomi (山口素臣, Yamaguchi Motomi; June 8, 1846 – August 7, 1904) was a Japanese samurai and an Imperial…Yamaguchi Motomi (山口素臣, Yamaguchi Motomi; June 8, 1846 – August 7, 1904) was a Japanese samurai and an Imperial Japanese Army general who participated in the First Sino-Japanese War and the Boxer Rebellion. Nicknamed as the Warlord of Warlords, he was known for his extensive campaigns and service as he was a recipient of the Order of the Golden Kite.
Ōdera Yasuzumi (大寺安純; 9 March 1846 – 9 February 1895) was a general in the early Imperial Japanese Army, and the…Ōdera Yasuzumi (大寺安純; 9 March 1846 – 9 February 1895) was a general in the early Imperial Japanese Army, and the highest ranking casualty on the Japanese side in the First Sino-Japanese War.
Baron Yamakawa Hiroshi (山川 浩, Hiroshi Yamakawa; 4 December 1845 – 6 March 1898) was a Japanese general, samurai…Baron Yamakawa Hiroshi (山川 浩, Hiroshi Yamakawa; 4 December 1845 – 6 March 1898) was a Japanese general, samurai, politician and educator. Originally a samurai from Aizu Domain during Bakumatsu, he became a general in the early Meiji era Imperial Japanese Army. He was also one of the first persons, together with his brother Kenjirō, to write a history of the Aizu War from the Aizu perspective. His brother-in-law was general Oyama Iwao, who married his sister Sutematsu.
Marshal Admiral Viscount Inoue Yoshika (井上 良馨, Yoshika Inoue; 1 December 1845 – 22 March 1929) was a career naval…Marshal Admiral Viscount Inoue Yoshika (井上 良馨, Yoshika Inoue; 1 December 1845 – 22 March 1929) was a career naval officer and admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during Meiji-period Japan.
Baron Tatsumi Naofumi (立見 尚文; 21 August 1845 – 6 March 1907) was a samurai from the Kuwana Domain in the Bakumatsu…Baron Tatsumi Naofumi (立見 尚文; 21 August 1845 – 6 March 1907) was a samurai from the Kuwana Domain in the Bakumatsu period Tokugawa shogunate and later a general in the Imperial Japanese Army during the Meiji period.
Ishiguro Tadanori (石黒 忠悳; March 18, 1845 [February 11, Kōka 2] – April 26, 1941 [Shōwa 16]) was a Japanese Imperial…Ishiguro Tadanori (石黒 忠悳; March 18, 1845 [February 11, Kōka 2] – April 26, 1941 [Shōwa 16]) was a Japanese Imperial Army surgeon general during the Meiji period and served as president of the Japanese Red Cross Society. He was also a practitioner of the Japanese tea ceremony. He played a central role in establishing Japan's military medical system in its formative years. His noble title was that of viscount.
Viscount Ōsako Naoharu (大迫尚敏, Naoharu Ōsako; 24 December 1844 – 20 September 1927), sometimes known as Ōsako Naotoshi…Viscount Ōsako Naoharu (大迫尚敏, Naoharu Ōsako; 24 December 1844 – 20 September 1927), sometimes known as Ōsako Naotoshi, was a general in the early Imperial Japanese Army. He was the older brother of General Ōsako Naomichi.